类 Kalb-Ramond 粒子的宇宙学意义
Cosmological Implications of Kalb-Ramond-Like-Particles
AI总结：
本文研究有相互作用的大质量 KRLPs 通过冻结机制及引力粒子产生在早期宇宙中的原初生成，表明其可在宽质量范围内解释暗物质遗迹密度。
摘要：
Kalb-Ramond 场是一种反对称二阶张量场，最引人注目的是它出现在弦理论中，但在宇宙学背景下仍基本未被探索。在本工作中，受弦理论中的 Kalb-Ramond 场以及从粒子物理到凝聚态物质的有效场论中出现的反对称张量场启发，我们研究了有相互作用的大质量类 Kalb-Ramond 粒子（KRLPs）的原初产生。KRLPs 同时具有暗光子模型和轴子模型的特征，这一点可通过其对偶性质加以理解。无质量、无相互作用的 KRLP 对偶于赝标量，而大质量、无相互作用的 KRLP 对偶于赝矢量，但有相互作用的大质量 KRLP 可与其标量和矢量对应物区分开来。我们通过冻结机制研究 KRLPs 在早期宇宙中的产生，考虑了“类暗光子”相互作用、“类轴子”相互作用和“Higgs 门户”相互作用，以及通过宇宙学引力粒子产生的方式。我们发现，作为暗物质候选者，KRLPs 可由上述所有机制产生，并能在很宽的质量范围内解释今天的暗物质遗迹密度。最后，我们评述了同时获得温暗物质和冷暗物质子成分的可能性，并对观测和实验前景进行了展望。
英文摘要：
The Kalb-Ramond field is an antisymmetric, rank-two tensor field which most notably appears in the context of string theory, but has largely been unexplored in the context of cosmology. In this work, motivated by the Kalb-Ramond field in string theory, and antisymmetric tensor fields that emerge in effective field theories ranging from particle physics to condensed matter, we study the primordial production of interacting massive Kalb-Ramond-like-particles (KRLPs). KRLPs contain features of both dark photon and axion models, which can be appreciated via their duality properties. While the massless non-interacting KRLP is dual to a pseudoscalar, and the massive non-interacting KRLP is dual to a pseudovector, the interacting massive KRLP can be distinguished from its scalar and vector counterparts. We study early-universe production of KRLPs via the freeze-in mechanism, considering a `dark photon-like' interaction, an `axion-like' interaction, and a `Higgs portal' interaction, as well as production via cosmological gravitational particle production. We find that as a dark matter candidate, KRLPs can be produced by all of the above mechanisms and account for the relic density of dark matter today for a wide range of masses. Finally, we comment on the potential to obtain both warm and cold dark matter subcomponents, and speculate on observational and experimental prospects.
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