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arXiv 2308.05331astro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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对作为距离指示器的红移的系统性偏差的一项简单直接实证观测

A simple direct empirical observation of systematic bias of the redshift as a distance indicator

Lior Shamir

备注：
Universe, published. URLs to the data are available inside the paper
发表信息：
Shamir, L., Universe 2024, 10(3), 129, 2004
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AI总结：

该研究通过四个公开数据集的实证观测，发现星系红移受其相对于银河系的自转方向影响存在系统性偏差，为解释哈勃常数张力等宇宙学疑难提供了新的实证依据。

摘要：

近期诸如哈勃常数（$H_o$）张力、大尺度各向异性以及高红移处大质量盘星系等令人困惑的观测结果，一直在挑战标准宇宙学模型。尽管一种可能的解释是标准模型并不完备，但其他理论则基于如下论点：作为距离指示器的红移模型可能存在偏差。虽然这些理论能够解释近期的观测结果，但它们因缺乏一项直接的、可复现的实证观测来证明红移模型确实可能存在不一致性而受到质疑。本文中，我描述了一项简单的实验，该实验表明星系的光谱取决于它们相对于银河系自转速度的自转速度。此外，实验显示，与银河系自转方向相同的星系的红移，与自转方向相反的星系的红移存在显著差异（P$<0.006$）。研究独立使用了三个不同的数据集，每个数据集均以不同方式制备，所有数据集都显示出相似的红移偏差。研究还分析了来自南银极的第四个星系数据集，结果显示出相似的效应。所有四个数据集均为公开可用。尽管在红移相对较低（z$<$0.25）的星系中观测到的最大平均红移差$\triangle z$约为0.012，这看起来可能并不显著，但这种偏差是持续存在的，并且能够解释诸如$H_o$张力之类令人困惑的观测现象。

英文摘要：

Recent puzzling observations such as the $H_o$ tension, large-scale anisotropies, and massive disk galaxies at high redshifts have been challenging the standard cosmological model. While one possible explanation is that the standard model is incomplete, other theories are based on the contention that the redshift model as a distance indicator might be biased. While these theories can explain the recent observations, they are challenged by the absence of a direct empirical reproducible observation that the redshift model can indeed be inconsistent. Here I describe a simple experiment that shows that the spectra of galaxies depend on their rotational velocity relative to the rotational velocity of the Milky Way. Moreover, it shows that the redshift of galaxies that rotate in the same direction relative to the Milky Way is significantly different from the redshift of galaxies that rotate in the opposite direction relative to the Milky Way (P$<0.006$). Three different datasets are used independently, each one was prepared in a different manner, all of them show similar redshift bias. A fourth dataset of galaxies from the Southern Galactic pole was also analyzed, and shows similar results. All four datasets are publicly available. While a maximum average $Δz$ of $\sim$0.012 observed with galaxies of relatively low redshift (z$<$0.25) might not seem dramatic, the bias is consistent, and can explain puzzling observations such as the $H_o$ tension.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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