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arXiv 2308.04065math.NAcs.NAmath-phmath.MPmath.OC
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一种用于激波主导非定常流动的时空高阶隐式激波追踪方法

A space-time high-order implicit shock tracking method for shock-dominated unsteady flows

Charles J. Naudet, Matthew J. Zahr

AI总结:

本文提出基于时空板片的高阶隐式激波追踪方法,将非定常守恒律转化为高维定常问题,并配合网格生成与多种求解适配,实现复杂非定常激波流动在粗网格上的精确模拟。

摘要:

高阶隐式激波追踪(拟合)是一类基于优化的高阶数值方法,通过使计算网格单元与非光滑特征对齐,来近似具有非光滑特征的守恒律解。这确保非光滑特征可由单元间跳变精确表示,而高阶基函数无需非线性稳定化即可近似解的光滑区域,从而在传统粗网格上获得精确近似。本研究中,我们采用基于板片的时空方法,将隐式激波追踪扩展到时间相关问题。其实现方式是把时间相关守恒律重新表述为高一维空间中的定常守恒律,并应用现有的隐式激波追踪技术。为避免在整个时间域上进行计算以及在高维中生成非结构化网格,我们提出一种通用流程,用于生成时空板片的一致性、仅含单纯形的网格,并以保留先前时间板片特征(例如曲单元、加密区域)的方式构造。时空板片的使用还通过降低时间复杂度简化了激波追踪问题。针对时空场景,我们开发了隐式激波追踪求解器的若干实用改进,包括:1)自调节时间边界;2)时空板片的无量纲化;3)自适应网格加密;4)激波边界条件。这些改进使其即使在具有弯曲激波、激波形成、激波-激波与激波-边界相互作用以及三波点等复杂流动特征的问题中,也能在粗时空网格上得到精确解。

英文摘要:

High-order implicit shock tracking (fitting) is a class of high-order, optimization-based numerical methods to approximate solutions of conservation laws with non-smooth features by aligning elements of the computational mesh with non-smooth features. This ensures the non-smooth features are perfectly represented by inter-element jumps and high-order basis functions approximate smooth regions of the solution without nonlinear stabilization, which leads to accurate approximations on traditionally coarse meshes. In this work, we extend implicit shock tracking to time-dependent problems using a slab-based space-time approach. This is achieved by reformulating a time-dependent conservation law as a steady conservation law in one higher dimension and applying existing implicit shock tracking techniques. To avoid computations over the entire time domain and unstructured mesh generation in higher dimensions, we introduce a general procedure to generate conforming, simplex-only meshes of space-time slabs in such a way that preserves features (e.g., curved elements, refinement regions) from previous time slabs. The use of space-time slabs also simplifies the shock tracking problem by reducing temporal complexity. Several practical adaptations of the implicit shock tracking solvers are developed for the space-time setting including 1) a self-adjusting temporal boundary, 2) nondimensionalization of a space-time slab, 3) adaptive mesh refinement, and 4) shock boundary conditions, which lead to accurate solutions on coarse space-time grids, even for problem with complex flow features such as curved shocks, shock formation, shock-shock and shock-boundary interaction, and triple points.

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