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arXiv 2308.03385cs.RO
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机器人作为AI双重间谍:运动规划中的隐私问题

Robots as AI Double Agents: Privacy in Motion Planning

Rice University(莱斯大学);Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学)

Rahul Shome, Zachary Kingston, Lydia E. Kavraki

AI总结:

本文研究机器人自主运动与感知带来的隐私威胁,提出通过修改运动规划代价函数实现隐私保护、不敏感或侵犯行为,并通过仿真实验证明隐私侵犯可被轻易注入且对性能影响很小,为未来跨学科研究奠定基础。

摘要:

机器人技术与自动化有望在不久的将来改变家庭和工作场景。机器人擅长有目的地移动、感知并与环境交互。这项技术的广泛使用因其能力而有望带来社会和经济回报——但反过来,机器人在周围世界中移动和感知的能力也容易被滥用。与典型传感器不同,机器人本质上是自主的、主动的和有目的的。这类自动化智能体可能成为AI双重间谍,容易侵犯同事、特权空间及其他利益相关者的隐私。在这项工作中,我们强调了由机器人的自主、有目的的运动和感知所带来的尚未被充分研究且不可避免的隐私威胁。我们将该问题置于更广泛的社会技术问题框架中,并进行了全面综述。隐私感知的运动规划问题以代价函数的形式进行形式化,这些代价函数可以被修改以诱导隐私感知行为——保护隐私、对隐私不敏感或侵犯隐私。在操作和导航的仿真案例研究中,通过修改代价函数,我们展示了侵犯隐私的威胁可以很容易地被注入,有时仅对性能(解路径长度)产生很小的变化。此类功能已经广泛可用。这项初步工作旨在为近期整体的、跨学科的研究奠定基础,以解决由规划算法决定的智能机器人行为中的隐私相关问题。

英文摘要:

Robotics and automation are poised to change the landscape of home and work in the near future. Robots are adept at deliberately moving, sensing, and interacting with their environments. The pervasive use of this technology promises societal and economic payoffs due to its capabilities - conversely, the capabilities of robots to move within and sense the world around them is susceptible to abuse. Robots, unlike typical sensors, are inherently autonomous, active, and deliberate. Such automated agents can become AI double agents liable to violate the privacy of coworkers, privileged spaces, and other stakeholders. In this work we highlight the understudied and inevitable threats to privacy that can be posed by the autonomous, deliberate motions and sensing of robots. We frame the problem within broader sociotechnological questions alongside a comprehensive review. The privacy-aware motion planning problem is formulated in terms of cost functions that can be modified to induce privacy-aware behavior - preserving, agnostic, or violating. Simulated case studies in manipulation and navigation, with altered cost functions, are used to demonstrate how privacy-violating threats can be easily injected, sometimes with only small changes in performance (solution path lengths). Such functionality is already widely available. This preliminary work is meant to lay the foundations for near-future, holistic, interdisciplinary investigations that can address questions surrounding privacy in intelligent robotic behaviors determined by planning algorithms.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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