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arXiv 2308.03360cs.CL
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将符号推理与语言建模相结合以实现对非结构化电子病历的高效纵向理解

Coupling Symbolic Reasoning with Language Modeling for Efficient Longitudinal Understanding of Unstructured Electronic Medical Records

Mendel Health Inc.(孟德尔健康公司)

Shivani Shekhar, Simran Tiwari, T. C. Rensink, Ramy Eskander, Wael Salloum

AI总结:

本文提出将符号推理与语言建模相结合,以提升对非结构化电子病历中医学变量的提取效果,并证明免费商用LLMs的检索能力可与商业模型相媲美,同时强调仅靠LLMs性能最低,必须通过符号推理进行引导。

摘要:

人工智能(AI)在医疗健康领域的应用具有革命性意义,尤其是随着基于Transformer架构的大语言模型(LLMs)的近期进展。然而,理解非结构化电子病历仍然是一项挑战,原因在于病历本身的性质(例如杂乱无章、不一致和冗余)以及LLMs难以推导出能够全面理解医学变量的推理范式。在这项工作中,我们研究了将符号推理与语言建模相结合以提升对非结构化临床文本理解的能力。我们表明,这种组合能够改善从非结构化病历中提取若干医学变量的效果。此外,我们表明,当前最先进的免费商用LLMs具备与其商业对应模型相当的检索能力。最后,我们详细阐述了通过应用符号推理来引导LLM的必要性,因为仅使用LLMs会导致最低的性能表现。

英文摘要:

The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare has been revolutionary, especially with the recent advancements in transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the task of understanding unstructured electronic medical records remains a challenge given the nature of the records (e.g., disorganization, inconsistency, and redundancy) and the inability of LLMs to derive reasoning paradigms that allow for comprehensive understanding of medical variables. In this work, we examine the power of coupling symbolic reasoning with language modeling toward improved understanding of unstructured clinical texts. We show that such a combination improves the extraction of several medical variables from unstructured records. In addition, we show that the state-of-the-art commercially-free LLMs enjoy retrieval capabilities comparable to those provided by their commercial counterparts. Finally, we elaborate on the need for LLM steering through the application of symbolic reasoning as the exclusive use of LLMs results in the lowest performance.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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