arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
​通知:联邦节假日调休:哥伦布日 / 原住民日(Columbus Day / Indigenous Peoples' Day),今日(13日)无更新。
arXiv 2510.19879cs.CL

利用大型语言模型对荷兰电子健康记录进行自动化HIV筛查

Automated HIV Screening on Dutch Electronic Health Records with Large Language Models

Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam(鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学医学中心);Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹自由大学)

Lang Zhou, Amrish Jhingoer, Yinghao Luo, Klaske Vliegenthart--Jongbloed, Carlijn Jordans, Ben Werkhoven, Tom Seinen, Erik van Mulligen, Casper Rokx, Yunlei Li

AI总结:

本研究提出利用大型语言模型分析电子健康记录中的非结构化文本,以自动化筛查HIV检测资格,在荷兰临床数据上实现了高准确率和低假阴性率。

摘要:

高效的筛查和早期诊断对于减少HIV的后续传播至关重要。虽然大规模实验室检测不可行,但电子健康记录(EHRs)的广泛采用为解决这一挑战提供了新的机遇。现有研究主要集中于将机器学习方法应用于结构化数据(如患者人口统计学信息)以改善HIV诊断。然而,这些方法往往忽略了非结构化文本数据(如临床笔记),而这些数据可能包含与HIV风险相关的有价值信息。在本研究中,我们提出了一种新颖的流程,利用大型语言模型(LLM)分析非结构化EHR文本,并确定患者是否有资格进行进一步的HIV检测。在鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学医学中心的临床数据上的实验结果表明,我们的流程在保持低假阴性率的同时实现了高准确性。

英文摘要:

Efficient screening and early diagnosis of HIV are critical for reducing onward transmission. Although large scale laboratory testing is not feasible, the widespread adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) offers new opportunities to address this challenge. Existing research primarily focuses on applying machine learning methods to structured data, such as patient demographics, for improving HIV diagnosis. However, these approaches often overlook unstructured text data such as clinical notes, which potentially contain valuable information relevant to HIV risk. In this study, we propose a novel pipeline that leverages a Large Language Model (LLM) to analyze unstructured EHR text and determine a patient's eligibility for further HIV testing. Experimental results on clinical data from Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam demonstrate that our pipeline achieved high accuracy while maintaining a low false negative rate.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑