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arXiv 2307.00860gr-qccond-mat.otherhep-ph
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量子真空中的类比 Sommerfeld 定律

Analog Sommerfeld law in quantum vacuum

G. E. Volovik

AI总结:

本文将 de Sitter 激活温度解释为真空局部温度,引入引力耦合与曲率作为共轭变量构建局部热力学,并说明其熵、自由能规律及在黑洞和白洞中的应用。

摘要:

de Sitter 环境中的激活温度 T 比与宇宙学视界相关的 Gibbons-Hawking 温度高一倍。我们将该激活温度视为 de Sitter 真空的局部温度,并构建 de Sitter 状态的局部热力学。该热力学还将引力耦合 K 和标量 Riemann 曲率 R 作为热力学共轭变量纳入其中。这些变量修正了 de Sitter 状态中 Gibbs-Duhem 关系的热力学。自由能密度正比于 -T^2,这与非相对论 Fermi 液体以及状态方程为 w=1 的相对论性物质中的情形相似。局部熵正比于局部温度,而宇宙学视界内部的总熵为 A/4G,其中 A 是视界面积。该熵通常被解释为宇宙学视界的熵。我们还考虑了 de Sitter 热力学在 Schwarzschild-de Sitter 黑洞以及具有 de Sitter 核心的黑洞和白洞上的可能应用。

英文摘要:

The activation temperature $T$ in the de Sitter environment is twice larger than the Gibbons-Hawking temperature, related to the cosmological horizon. We consider the activation temperature as the local temperature of the de Sitter vacuum, and construct the local thermodynamics of the de Sitter state. This thermodynamics includes also the gravitational coupling $K$ and the scalar Riemann curvature ${\cal R}$ as the thermodynamically conjugate variables. These variables modify the thermodynamics of the Gibbs-Duhem relation in the de Sitter state. The free energy density is proportional to $-T^2$, which is similar to that in the non-relativistic Fermi liquids and in relativistic matter with equation of state $w=1$. The local entropy is proportional to the local temperature, while the total entropy inside the cosmological horizon is $A/4G$, where $A$ is the area of the horizon. This entropy is usually interpreted as the entropy of the cosmological horizon. We also consider the possible application of the de Sitter thermodynamics to the Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole and to black and white holes with the de Sitter cores.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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