车队内ACC系统与人类驾驶员的基于能量的评估及驾驶行为
Energy-based Assessment and Driving Behavior of ACC Systems and Humans Inside Platoons
AI总结：
本研究通过实证观测对比商用ACC系统与人类驾驶员在车队跟驰中的能耗特性与行为差异，发现ACC存在能耗向上游传播等特点，需优化以平衡功能与生态驾驶需求。
摘要：
文献证据表明，自动驾驶与人类驾驶模式呈现出不同的驾驶特性，即车头时距策略、间距策略、反应时间、舒适加速度等。这些差异会改变观测到的交通动态，并对能耗产生影响。本文通过不同模型，基于高度相似的驾驶循环和/或路线的实证观测，评估了商用自适应巡航控制（adaptive cruise control，ACC）系统与人类驾驶员在跟驰编队中的能源足迹。最重要的是，本文基于每种模式的行为特性，对研究结果展开了批判性讨论。研究结果表明：ACC系统会将不断增加的能耗向上游传播，而人类驾驶员则不会；ACC系统能够成功维持恒定车头时距策略，运行可靠性极高；与人类驾驶员相比，ACC系统与前车的联结更为紧密；两种模式（人类与ACC）运行在不同的相空间区域，均存在改进空间。总体而言，研究结果表明，必须对ACC系统进行优化，以在功能需求与生态驾驶指令之间实现权衡。
英文摘要：
Evidence in the literature shows that automated and human driving modes demonstrate different driving characteristics, i.e., headway policy, spacing policy, reaction time, comfortable acceleration, and others. These differences alter observed traffic dynamics and have an impact on energy consumption. This paper assesses the energy footprint of commercially implemented adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems and human drivers in car-following formation via different models using empirical observations on very similar driving cycles and/or routes. Most importantly, it initiates a critical discussion of the findings under the behavioral properties of each mode. Findings show that: ACC systems propagate an increasing energy consumption upstream, while human drivers do not; they succeed in maintaining a constant time-headway policy, operating very reliably; they develop a strong bond with their leader compared to their human counterparts; the two modes (humans and ACCs) are operating in different phase-space areas with room for improvement. Overall, findings show that ACC systems must be optimized to achieve a trade-off between functional requirements and eco-driving instructions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
