几何命中集问题的线约束圆盘情形及相关问题
Geometric Hitting Set for Line-Constrained Disks and Related Problems
AI总结:
本文针对圆心共线的圆盘集合,提出高效算法求解加权命中集问题,单位圆盘及 $L_\infty$/$L_1$ 度量下时间更优,并将技术推广至半平面情形,将复杂度从 $O(n^6)$ 降至 $O(n^4\log n)$。
摘要:
给定平面中一组 $P$(含 $n$ 个加权点)和一组 $S$(含 $m$ 个圆盘),命中集问题要求计算 $P$ 的一个子集 $P'$,使得每个圆盘至少包含 $P'$ 中的一个点,且 $P'$ 中所有点的总权重最小。该问题已知为 NP-困难。本文考虑该问题的线约束版本,其中所有圆盘的圆心位于一条直线 $\ell$ 上。我们提出一个 $O((m+n)\log(m+n)+\kappa\log m)$ 时间的算法,其中 $\kappa$ 是相交圆盘对的数量。对于所有圆盘半径相同的单位圆盘情形,运行时间可降至 $O((n + m)\log(m + n))$。此外,我们在 $L_{\infty}$ 和 $L_1$ 度量下分别以 $O((m + n)\log(m + n))$ 时间解决问题,其中圆盘分别为正方形和菱形。我们的技术也可用于解决其他几何命中集问题。例如,给定平面中一组 $P$(含 $n$ 个加权点)和一组 $S$(含 $n$ 个半平面),我们以 $O(n^4\log n)$ 时间解决寻找 $P$ 对于 $S$ 的最小权重命中集问题。这比之前最优的 $O(n^6)$ 时间算法改进了近二次因子。
英文摘要:
Given a set $P$ of $n$ weighted points and a set $S$ of $m$ disks in the plane, the hitting set problem is to compute a subset $P'$ of points of $P$ such that each disk contains at least one point of $P'$ and the total weight of all points of $P'$ is minimized. The problem is known to be NP-hard. In this paper, we consider a line-constrained version of the problem in which all disks are centered on a line $\ell$. We present an $O((m+n)\log(m+n)+κ\log m)$ time algorithm for the problem, where $κ$ is the number of pairs of disks that intersect. For the unit-disk case where all disks have the same radius, the running time can be reduced to $O((n + m)\log(m + n))$. In addition, we solve the problem in $O((m + n)\log(m + n))$ time in the $L_{\infty}$ and $L_1$ metrics, in which a disk is a square and a diamond, respectively. Our techniques can also be used to solve other geometric hitting set problems. For example, given in the plane a set $P$ of $n$ weighted points and a set $S$ of $n$ half-planes, we solve in $O(n^4\log n)$ time the problem of finding a minimum weight hitting set of $P$ for $S$. This improves the previous best algorithm of $O(n^6)$ time by nearly a quadratic factor.
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