厄米-高斯模式激发原子中的禁戒电子跃迁
Excitation of forbidden electronic transitions in atoms by Hermite-Gaussian modes
AI总结：
本文理论上提出用厄米-高斯模式激发囚禁离子，推导拉比频率解析式，并证明在Yb+离子E3跃迁中可达到甚至超过传统拉盖尔-高斯模式的效果，为研究高度禁戒跃迁提供新工具。
摘要：
本文从理论上提出并研究了利用导波结构中的厄米-高斯（HG）模式对囚禁离子进行光激发。特别地，我们推导出了诱导原子跃迁的拉比频率的简单解析表达式，这些表达式既依赖于HG光束的参数，也依赖于实验的几何结构。利用这些通用表达式，我们研究了位于HG$_{10}$和HG$_{01}$光束低强度中心的Yb$^{+}$离子中的$^{2}S_{1/2} \ o \; ^{2}F_{7/2}$电八极（E3）跃迁。我们展示了如何通过适当选择入射光的偏振和外部磁场的方向（该方向定义了目标离子的量子化轴）来增强相应的拉比频率。针对实验上可行的光束参数进行的计算表明，所实现的拉比频率可以与传统拉盖尔-高斯（LG）模式观察到的频率相当甚至更高。由于HG类模式可以从集成光子学中以高纯度和高稳定性相对直接地产生，我们的结果表明它们可能成为研究高度禁戒原子跃迁的新工具。
英文摘要：
Photoexcitation of trapped ions by Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes from guided beam structures is proposed and investigated theoretically. In particular, simple analytical expressions for the Rabi frequencies of induced atomic transitions are derived that depend both on the parameters of HG beams and on the geometry of an experiment. By using these general expressions, we investigate the $^{2}S_{1/2} \to \; ^{2}F_{7/2}$ electric octupole (E3) transition in an Yb$^{+}$ ion, localized in the low--intensity center of the HG$_{10}$ and HG$_{01}$ beams. We show how the corresponding Rabi frequency can be enhanced by properly choosing the polarization of incident light and the orientation of an external magnetic field, which defines the quantization axis of a target ion. The calculations, performed for experimentally feasible beam parameters, indicate that the achieved Rabi frequencies can be comparable or even higher than those observed for the conventional Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes. Since HG-like modes can be relatively straightforwardly generated with high purity and stability from integrated photonics, our results suggest that they may form a novel tool for investigating highly-forbidden atomic transitions.
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