Background: Nuclear energy-density functional (EDF) approach has been widely used to describe nuclear-matter equations of state (EoS) and properties of finite nuclei. Recent advancements in neutron-star (NS) observations have put constraints on the nuclear EoS. The Korea-IBS-Daegu-SKKU (KIDS) functional has been then developed to satisfy the NS observations and applied to homogeneous nuclear matter and spherical nuclei. Purpose: We examine the performance of the KIDS functional by calculating the masses and charge radii of even-even nuclei towards the drip lines. Method: The Kohn-Sham-Bogoliubov equation is solved by taking into account the axial deformation. Results: The root-mean-square deviation of the binding energy and the charge radius for the KIDS functional is 4.5--5.1 MeV and 0.03--0.04 fm, which is comparable to that for existing EDFs. The emergence and development of nuclear deformation in open-shell nuclei are well described. The location of the neutron drip line is according to the nuclear-matter parameter characterizing the low-mass NS. Conclusions: The NS-observation-inspired EDF offers a reasonable reproduction of the structures of finite nuclei. A future global optimization including more nuclear data will give better accuracy and high predictive power of neutron-rich nuclei.
There have been many empirical evindences which show that the single-particle picture holds to a good approximation in atomic nuclei. In this picture, protons and neutrons move independently inside a mean-field potential generated by an interaction among the nucleons. This leads to the concept of nuclear shells, similar to the electronic shells in atoms. In particular, the magic numbers due to closures of the nucleonic shells, corresponding to noble gases in elements, have been known to play an important role in nuclear physics. Here we propose a periodic table for atomic nuclei, in which the …
Inasmuch as the hydrostatic structure of interior neutron stars uniquely depends on the equation of state (EOS), the inverse constraints on EOS from astrophysical observation have been important methods to reveal the properties of the high-density matter. Up to date, most of EOSs for neutron-star matter are given in tabulations, but these numeric tables could be quite different in resolution. To guarantee both the accuracy and efficiency in computing Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation, a concise standard for generating EOS tables with suitable resolution is investigated in this work. It…
Since the prediction of nuclear chirality in 1997, tremendous progresses both theoretically and experimentally have been achieved. Experimentally, 59 chiral doublet bands in 47 chiral nuclei (including 8 nuclei with multiple chiral doublets) have been reported in $A\sim80,~100,~130$,~and~190 mass regions. The spins, parities, energies, ratios of the magnetic dipole transition strengths to the electric quadrupole transition strengths, and related references for these nuclei are compiled and listed in Table 1. For these nuclei with the magnetic dipole transition strengths and the electric quadru…
Extensive calculations of properties of supernova matter are presented, using the extended Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium model of PRC92 055803 (2015) based on a statistical distribution of Wigner-Seitz cells modeled using realistic nuclear mass and level density tables, complemented with a non-relativistic Skyrme functional for unbound particles and beyond drip-line nuclei. Both thermodynamic quantities and matter composition are examined as a function of baryonic density, temperature, and proton fraction, within a large domain adapted for applications in supernova simulations. The results a…
Quantifying uncertainty in physics-based predictions of rare-isotope production cross sections via Bayesian-inspired model averaging across nuclear mass tables
Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University（稀有同位素束流设施，密歇根州立大学）
Further exploration of the machine-learning-based nuclear mass table
College of Physics, Henan Normal University（河南师范大学物理学院）；School of Science, Huzhou University（湖州学院理学院）；Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Henan Academy of Sciences（河南省科学院核科学与技术研究所）；China Institute of Atomic Energy（中国原子能科学研究院）
We review the reasons why one might choose to seriously re-examine the traditional approach to nuclear theory where nucleons are treated as immutable. This examination leads us to argue that the modification of the structure of the nucleon when immersed in a nuclear medium is fundamental to how atomic nuclei are built. Consistent with this approach we suggest key experiments which should tell us unambiguously whether there is such a change in the structure of a bound nucleon. We also briefly report on extremely promising recent calculations of the structure of nuclei across the periodic table …
The strong force that binds atomic nuclei is governed by the rules of Quantum Chromodynamics. Here we consider the suggestion the internal quark structure of a nucleon will adjust self-consistently to the local mean scalar field in a nuclear medium and that this may play a profound role in nuclear structure. We show that one can derive an energy density functional based on this idea, which successfully describes the properties of atomic nuclei across the periodic table in terms of a small number of physically motivated parameters. Because this approach amounts to a new paradigm for nuclear the…
Nuclear energy density functionals (EDFs) have a long history of success in reproducing properties of nuclei across the table of the nuclides. They capture quantitatively the emergent features of bound nuclei, such as nuclear saturation and pairing, yet greater accuracy and improved uncertainty quantification are actively sought. Implementations of phenomenological EDFs are suggestive of effective field theory (EFT) formulations and there are hints of an underlying power counting. Multiple paths are possible in trying to turn the nuclear EDF method into a proper EFT. I comment on the current s…
Nuclear structure within a relativistic mean field approach including chiral symmetry and confinement-inspired nucleon response
IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3（巴黎萨克雷大学伊吉克利实验室）；CEA,DAM,DIF（法国原子能和替代能源委员会达姆研究所）；Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Laboratoire Matière en Conditions Extrêmes（巴黎萨克雷大学极端条件物质实验室）；Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)（法兰西学院）；Institut de Physique des 2 infinis de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1（里昂第二物理无限研究所）；International Research Laboratory on Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, Michigan State University and CNRS（密歇根州立大学与CNRS核物理与天体物理国际研究实验室）
Dokkyo Medical University（独协医科大学）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；RIKEN Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS)（理化学研究所跨学科理论与数学科学中心(iTHEMS)）；Saitama University（埼玉大学）；Nishina Center, RIKEN（理化学研究所仁科中心）
We present the first successful functional renormalization group(FRG)-aided density-functional (DFT) calculation of the equation of state (EOS) of an infinite nuclear matter (NM) in (1+1)-dimensions composed of spinless nucleons. We give a formulation to describe infinite matters in which the 'flowing' chemical potential is introduced to control the particle number during the flow. The resultant saturation energy of the NM coincides with that obtained by the Monte-Carlo method within a few percent. Our result demonstrates that the FRG-aided DFT can be as powerful as any other methods in quantu…
By using a machine learning algorithms, we present an improved nuclear mass table with a root mean square deviation of less than $200$keV. The model is equipped with statistical error bars in order to compare with available experimental data. We use the resulting model to predict the composition of the outer crust of a neutron star. By means of simple Monte Carlo methods, we propagate the statistical uncertainties of the mass model to the equation of state of the system.
Based on a simple site-independent approach, we attempt to reproduce the solar $r$-process abundance with four nuclear mass models, and investigate the impact of the nuclear mass uncertainties on the $r$ process. In this paper, we first analyze the reliability of an adopted empirical formula for $β$-decay half-lives which is a key ingredient for the $r$ process. Then we apply four different mass tables to study the $r$-process nucleosynthesis together with the calculated $β$-decay half-lives, and the existing $β$-decay data from FRDM+QRPA is also considered for comparison. The numerical result…
We develop a new equation of state (EoS) table involving thermal (anti)kaons, Bose-Einstein condensate of $K^{-}$ mesons and $Λ$-hyperons for core-collapse supernova and neutron star merger simulations. This EoS table is based on a finite temperature density-dependent relativistic hadron field theory where baryon-baryon interaction is mediated by scalar $σ$, vector $ω$ and $ρ$ mesons, using the parameter set DD2 for nucleons. The repulsive hyperon-hyperon interaction is mediated by an additional strange $ϕ$ meson. The EoS for the $K^-$ condensed matter is also calculated within the framework o…
New energy-density functionals (EDFs) inspired by effective-field theories (EFTs) have been recently proposed. The present work focuses on three of such functionals which were developed to produce satisfactory equations of state for nuclear matter. We aim to extend these functionals to treat finite systems including a spin-orbit contribution and pairing correlations. We illustrate here a first step towards this direction, namely a generalization of such functionals tailored to perform applications to neutron gases confined in harmonic traps. Sets of available \textit{ab initio} results are use…
Ground-state properties of even-even nuclei with $8\le Z\le120$ from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line have been investigated using the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum (DRHBc) with the density functional PC-PK1. With the effects of deformation and continuum included simultaneously, 2583 even-even nuclei are predicted to be bound. The calculated binding energies, two-nucleon separation energies, root-mean-square (rms) radii of neutron, proton, matter, and charge distributions, quadrupole deformations, and neutron and proton Fermi surfaces are tabulated a…
In recent years, artificial neural networks and their applications for large data sets have became a crucial part of scientific research. In this work, we implement the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), which is a class of feedforward artificial neural network (ANN), to predict ground-state binding energies of atomic nuclei. Two different MLP architectures with three and four hidden layers are used to study their effects on the predictions. To train the MLP architectures, two different inputs are used along with the latest atomic mass table and changes in binding energy predictions are also analyze…
A new scheme to study the properties of finite nuclei is proposed based on the Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (DBHF) approach starting from a bare nucleon-nucleon interaction. The relativistic structure of the nucleon self-energies in nuclear matter depending on density, momentum and isospin asymmetry are determined through a subtracted T-matrix technique and parameterized, which makes them easily accessible for general use. The scalar and vector potentials of a single particle in nuclei are generated via a local density approximation (LDA). The surface effect of finite nuclei can be taken into …
