AI 中文总结
本研究完成了$^{238}$U核的首次从头算，通过高效形变自洽格林函数形式论及多体关联，突破了重形变双开壳核的计算瓶颈，将核素图上限纳入第一性原理理论预测范围。
AI 中文摘要
重核与超重核的从头算描述是核理论的圣杯之一，关乎最重元素的合成与核稳定性的极限。过去十五年里，多体展开方法的数值成本随系统大小呈多项式增长，已将第一性原理计算拓展到中等质量核与少数球形闭壳重系统。然而核素图的大部分区域由重的形变双开壳核构成，完全超出了现有方法的可及范围，这源于两大障碍：（i）在极大单粒子基下，超出平均场计算的计算成本极高；（ii）在长椭球形变较大时，平均场能量会出现可疑坍缩。新型形变自洽格林函数形式论的高效数值实现消除了第一个困难，而通过纳入超出形变平均场的多体关联解决了第二个困难。本研究完成了标志性的$^{238}$U核的首次从头算，使基于第一性原理的理论预测触及核素图的上限区域。
英文摘要
The ab initio description of heavy and superheavy nuclei constitutes one of the holy grails of nuclear theory, bearing on the synthesis of the heaviest elements and the limits of nuclear stability. Over the last fifteen years, many-body expansion methods, whose numerical cost scales polynomially with system size, have extended first-principles calculations to medium-mass nuclei and a few spherical closed-shell heavy systems. The largest portion of the nuclear chart is however composed of heavy deformed doubly open-shell nuclei and has remained completely out of reach. This is due to two major obstacles: (i) the huge computational cost of beyond mean-field calculations in very large single-particle bases, and (ii) a dubious collapse of the mean-field energy at large prolate deformation. While a highly efficient numerical implementation of the novel deformed self-consistent Green's function formalism removes the first difficulty, the second is cured by the inclusion of many-body correlations beyond the deformed mean field. Presenting the first ab initio calculation of the iconic $^{238}$U nucleus, this work brings the upper-end of the nuclear chart within reach of theoretical predictions based on first principles.
Comments15 pages, 8 figures
