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arXiv 2303.09209cs.AI
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从事件日志中通过强化学习学习最优策略:基于深度和MDP的方法比较

Learning optimal policies from event logs through reinforcement learning: a comparison of deep and MDP-based approaches

FBK - Fondazione Bruno Klopfer(FBK - 基础研究机构布鲁诺·克洛普弗);Unitn(乌迪内大学);Unibz(博尔扎诺大学)

Stefano Branchi, Andrei Buliga, Chiara Di Francescomarino, Chiara Ghidini, Riccardo Graziosi, Francesca Meneghello, Massimiliano Ronzani

AI总结:

提出两种强化学习方法(基于MDP和离线深度RL)从历史事件日志中学习最优行为策略以优化KPI,在数据驱动的BPS环境中评估,两种方法均有效提升KPI,但基于MDP的方法计算效率更高。

摘要:

规范性流程监控是流程挖掘中的一个新兴领域,专注于推荐行动以优化业务成果。大多数现有工作规定预定义的干预措施,即应用于正在进行的流程执行以实现特定目标或关键绩效指标(KPI)的一组行动。相比之下,只有少数方法探索了学习和评估最优行为策略,即确定最佳行动序列以最大化期望KPI的通用策略。在本文中,我们通过提出一种基于AI的方法来解决学习最优行为策略的问题,该方法使用强化学习(RL)直接从历史流程执行中学习最优策略,以推荐优化KPI的最佳行动。为此,我们采用了两种RL技术。第一种是经典的基于模型的方法,通过构建捕获流程行为的马尔可夫决策过程(MDP)来扩展作者先前的工作。第二种是基于离线深度RL的无模型技术。与现有工作不同,我们旨在最小化领域知识的使用,并直接从历史事件数据中学习最优策略。这使我们能够学习何时应用干预措施,并直接从数据中发现有效的干预措施。此外,我们针对涉及外部参与者的复杂场景,其中流程所有者仅控制部分活动。我们采用数据驱动的业务流程模拟(BPS)环境来评估学习到的策略。结果表明,两种方法都以相似的有效性改进了目标KPI,而基于模型的方法在计算效率上优于离线深度RL。

英文摘要:

Prescriptive Process Monitoring is an emerging area within Process Mining that focuses on recommending actions to optimize business outcomes. Most existing works prescribe pre-defined interventions, i.e., sets of actions applied to ongoing process executions to achieve a specific objective or Key Performance Indicator (KPI). In contrast, only a few approaches have explored learning and evaluating optimal behavioral policies, i.e., general strategies that determine the best sequence of actions to maximize a desired KPI. In this paper, we address the problem of learning optimal behavioral policies by proposing an AI-based approach that learns an optimal policy directly from historical process executions using Reinforcement Learning (RL) to recommend the best actions for optimizing a KPI. To this end, we employ two RL techniques. The first is a classical model-based approach that extends previous work by the authors through the construction of a Markov Decision Process (MDP) capturing process behavior. The second is a model-free technique based on offline Deep RL. Unlike state-of-the-art work, we aim to minimize the use of domain knowledge and learn optimal policies directly from historical event data. This allows us to learn when to apply interventions and discover effective ones directly from data. Moreover, we target complex scenarios involving external actors, where the process owner controls only part of the activities. We adopt a data-driven Business Process Simulation (BPS) environment to evaluate the learned policies. Results show that both methods improve the targeted KPI with similar effectiveness, while the model-based approach outperforms offline Deep RL in computational efficiency.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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