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arXiv 2303.06604quant-ph
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基于混合量子干涉仪的抗粒子损失鲁棒相位计量

Robust phase metrology with hybrid quantum interferometers against particle losses

X. N. Feng, D. He, L. F. Wei

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AI总结：

提出自旋-振子混合量子干涉仪，通过解纠缠操作将参数信息转移至自旋自由度，实现对粒子损失鲁棒的高精度相位测量，超越标准量子极限。

摘要：

纠缠是实现高灵敏度量子计量学的重要量子资源。然而，由于不可避免的环境噪声，量子纠缠态的快速退相干导致测量灵敏度在实际中急剧下降。为克服这一困难，我们在此提出一种自旋-振子混合量子干涉仪，以实现对编码在振子振动中的参数的理想精确估计。与传统的以双模NOON态或纠缠相干态（ECS）输入的双模量子干涉仪不同（其可达到的灵敏度受到纠缠振动态退相干的强烈限制），我们证明，本干涉仪以自旋依赖的双模纠缠态输入，具有显著优势，即估计参数的测量灵敏度不受自旋-振子纠缠退相干的影响。这是因为，通过应用自旋-振子解纠缠操作，原本编码在振动自由度中的估计参数信息可以有效地转移到自旋自由度中，然后可以通过精确的自旋态布居测量来灵敏地估计。因此，所提出的混合量子干涉仪对振动模式的粒子损失具有明显的鲁棒性。有趣的是，即使两个模式之一发生相对大量的粒子损失，所达到的相位测量灵敏度仍能明显超越标准量子极限（SQL）。此外，还讨论了所提出的自旋-振子混合量子干涉仪的潜在应用。

英文摘要：

Entanglement is an important quantum resource to achieve high sensitive quantum metrology. However, the rapid decoherence of quantum entangled states, due to the unavoidable environment noise, result in practically the unwanted sharp drop of the measurement sensitivity. To overcome such a difficulty, here we propose a spin-oscillator hybrid quantum interferometer to achieve the desirable precise estimation of the parameter encoded in the vibrations of the oscillator. Differing from the conventional two-mode quantum interferometers input by the two-mode NOON state or entangled coherent states (ECS), whose achievable sensitivities are strongly limited by the decoherence of the entangled vibrational states, we demonstrate that the present interferometer, input by a spin-dependent two-mode entangled state, possesses a manifest advantage, i.e., the measurement sensitivity of the estimated parameter is not influenced by the decoherence from the spin-oscillator entanglement. This is because that, by applying a spin-oscillator disentangled operation, the information of the estimated parameter encoded originally in the vibrational degrees can be effectively transferred into the spin degree and then can be sensitively estimated by the precise spin-state population measurements. As consequence, the proposed hybrid quantum interferometer possesses a manifest robustness against the particle losses of the vibrational modes. Interestingly, the achieved phase measurement sensitivity can still surpass the SQL obviously, even if relatively large number of particle loss occurs in one of the two modes. The potential application of the proposed spin-oscillator hybrid quantum interferometer is also discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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