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arXiv 2303.04861cs.RO
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四足机器人最佳出界步态的能量分析

Energetic Analysis on the Optimal Bounding Gaits of Quadrupedal Robots

Syracuse University(雪城大学)

Yasser G. Alqaham, Jing Cheng, Zhenyu Gan

摘要:

机器人专家在为腿式机器设计运动控制器时经常忽略,能量消耗在选择高速或长距离运动的最佳步态中起着重要作用。本研究的目的是探讨四个类似的不对称四足步态,经常观察到在自然界中的腿动物。为了了解特定的脚步模式如何改变腿系统的能量,我们首先开发了一个名为A1的四足机器人的全身模型。对于每一种步态,我们都创建了一个混合系统,具有所需的脚步顺序和刚性冲击。为了找到最节能的步态,我们使用最优控制方法,制定了一个轨迹优化问题与适当的约束条件和目标函数的问题。这个问题是在一个名为FROST的非线性规划框架中实现和解决的。基于每个步态的优化轨迹,我们研究了运输成本和所有关节所做的工作的值。此外,我们还分析了在整个步幅周期内系统各组成部分的角动量交换。根据模拟结果,在很宽的速度范围内,两个飞行阶段的跳跃可能是A1最节能的步态。

英文摘要:

It is often overlooked by roboticists when designing locomotion controllers for their legged machines, that energy consumption plays an important role in selecting the best gaits for locomotion at high speeds or over long distances. The purpose of this study is to examine four similar asymmetrical quadrupedal gaits that are frequently observed in legged animals in nature. To understand how a specific footfall pattern will change the energetics of a legged system, we first developed a full body model of a quadrupedal robot called A1. And for each gait we created a hybrid system with desired footfall sequence and rigid impacts. In order to find the most energy efficient gait, we used optimal control methods to formulate the problem as a trajectory optimization problem with proper constraints and objective function. This problem was implemented and solved in a nonlinear programming framework called FROST. Based on the optimized trajectories for each gait, we investigated the values of cost of transport and the work done by all joints. Moreover, we analyzed the exchange of angular momentum in different components of the system during the whole stride cycle. According to the simulation results, bounding with two flight phases is likely to be the most energy efficient gait for A1 across a wide range of speed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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