SN2017egm: A Helium-rich Superluminous Supernova with Multiple Bumps in the Light Curves
Jiazheng Zhu, Ning Jiang, Subo Dong, Alexei V. Filippenko, Richard J. Rudy, A. Pastorello, Christopher Ashall, Subhash Bose, R. S. Post, D. Bersier, Stefano Ben… 展开作者
Jiazheng Zhu, Ning Jiang, Subo Dong, Alexei V. Filippenko, Richard J. Rudy, A. Pastorello, Christopher Ashall, Subhash Bose, R. S. Post, D. Bersier, Stefano Benetti, Thomas G. Brink, Ping Chen, Liming Dou, N. Elias-Rosa, Peter Lundqvist, Seppo Mattila, Ray W. Russell, Michael L. Sitko, Auni Somero, M. D. Stritzinger, Tinggui Wang, Peter J. Brown, E. Cappellaro, Morgan Fraser, Erkki Kankare, S. Moran, Simon Prentice, Tapio Pursimo, T. M. Reynolds, WeiKang Zheng
备注:
25 pages, 14 Figures, 4 Tables; accepted for publication in ApJ (Mar. 2023)
SN 2017egm在发现时是距离最近(红移z=0.03)的贫氢超亮超新星(SLSN-I),并且是一个罕见的爆发于大质量富金属星系中的案例。因此,它此后被广泛观测和研究。我们报告的光谱数据显示在He I λ10,830附近有强发射线,并且在光学波段有四个He I吸收线。据此,我们将SN 2017egm归类为新兴的富氦SLSNe-I(即SLSNe-Ib)群体的一员。我们还展示了晚期的测光观测。通过将其与档案数据结合,我们分析了从早期峰值前(约-20天)到晚期(约+300天)的高节奏紫外、光学和近红外光变曲线。我们获得了其最完整的辐射热光变曲线,并在其中识别出多次凸起。先前提出的模型没有一个能够令人满意地解释所有主要光变曲线特征,而抛射物与星周物质(CSM)之间的多次相互作用可能解释这些起伏特征。在SN 2017egm中探测到的显著红外超量具有10^7-10^8倍太阳光度的黑体光度,可能来源于预先存在的尘埃壳层的回波或新形成的尘埃的发射,这为支持抛射物-CSM相互作用模型提供了额外的证据。此外,我们对深度Chandra观测的分析得出了对SLSN-I的X射线发射有史以来最严格的约束,在晚期(约100-200天)X射线与光学光度比≲10^{-3},这可能有助于探索其近邻环境和中心引擎。
英文摘要:
When discovered, SN~2017egm was the closest (redshift $z=0.03$) hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) and a rare case that exploded in a massive and metal-rich galaxy. Thus, it has since been extensively observed and studied. We report spectroscopic data showing strong emission at around He~I $λ$10,830 and four He~I absorption lines in the optical. Consequently, we classify SN~2017egm as a member of an emerging population of helium-rich SLSNe-I (i.e., SLSNe-Ib). We also present our late-time photometric observations. By combining them with archival data, we analyze high-cadence ultra-violet, optical, and near-infrared light curves spanning from early pre-peak ($\sim -20\,d$) to late phases ($\sim +300\,d$). We obtain its most complete bolometric light curve, in which multiple bumps are identified. None of the previously proposed models can satisfactorily explain all main light-curve features, while multiple interactions between the ejecta and circumstellar material (CSM) may explain the undulating features. The prominent infrared excess with a blackbody luminosity of $10^7$--$10^8\,L_{sun}$ detected in SN~2017egm could originate from the emission of either an echo of a pre-existing dust shell, or newly-formed dust, offering an additional piece of evidence supporting the ejecta-CSM interaction model. Moreover, our analysis of deep $Chandra$ observations yields the tightest-ever constraint on the X-ray emission of an SLSN-I, amounting to an X-ray-to-optical luminosity ratio $\lesssim 10^{-3}$ at late phases ($\sim100-200\,d$), which could help explore its close environment and central engine.
Helium superluminous SN 2021bnw : an explosion of a massive star with a pre-outburst
Sapienza Università di Roma(罗马第一大学);Université Paris-Saclay(巴黎萨克雷大学);Université Paris Cité(巴黎西岱大学);CEA(法国原子能及替代能源委员会);CNRS(法国国家科学研究中心);AIM(天体物理研究所与分子研究中心);Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris(巴黎天文台);INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台);Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University(莫斯科国立大学斯登伯格天文研究所);Astro Space Center(太空天文中心)
The superluminous supernova SN 2017egm in the nearby galaxy NGC 3191: a metal-rich environment can support a typical SLSN evolution
在红移z=0.03时,最近发现的SN 2017 egm是迄今为止距离最近的I型超亮超新星(SLSN),也是第一个靠近大质量螺旋星系(NGC 3191)中心的超新星。利用NGC 3191的SDSS光谱,我们发现其核的金属丰度为~2 Z $_\odot$,而在与SN 2017 egm相似的径向偏移量上,恒星形成区的金属丰度为~ 1.3Z $_\odot$。存档的无线电-紫外测光显示恒星形成速率约为15 M $_\odot$ yr $^{-1}$(约70%被尘埃遮蔽),这可以解释斯威夫特X射线探测,恒星质量约为$10^{10.7}$ M $_\odot$。我们使用贝叶斯光曲线拟合工具MOSFiT,用磁星中心引擎模型模拟早期的紫外光光曲线。拟合表明,喷出物质量为2-4 M $_\odot$,自旋周期为4-6 ms,磁场为(0.7-1.7)$\times 10^{14}$ G,动能为1-2 $\times10^{51}$ erg。这些参数与Nicholl等人(2017)建模的SLSNe的总体分布一致,尽管导出的质量和自旋接近低端,可能表明爆炸前质量和角动量的损失增加。这有两个含义:(i)SLSNe可以发生在太阳的金属丰度,虽然有一个低分数~10%;和(ii)金属丰度最多有适度的影响,他们的属性。这两个结论都与长伽马射线暴的结果一致。假设一个单调上升给出一个爆炸日期MJD $57889\pm1…
The nearby He-rich superluminous supernova SN 2021bnw during photospheric phases
INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿布鲁佐天文台);INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova(意大利国家天体物理研究所帕多瓦天文台);Dipartimento di Fisica, “Sapienza” Università di Roma & Sezione INFN Roma1(罗马大学物理系及INFN罗马第一分所);Caltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院光学观测站);National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute(库尔恰托夫研究所国家研究中心);Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences(俄罗斯科学院列别杰夫物理研究所);M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sternberg Astronomical Institute(莫斯科国立大学谢尔盖天文研究所);Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院云南天文台);International Centre of Supernovae, Yunnan Key Laboratory(云南省超新星国际研究中心);Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University(中央大学天文学研究所)
The ambiguous AT2022rze: Changing-look AGN mimicking a supernova in a merging galaxy system
Stockholm University(斯德哥尔摩大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);University of Minnesota(明尼苏达大学);University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校);Russian Academy of Sciences(俄罗斯科学院);Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics(马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所)