XRISM机载X射线微量热计电磁干扰地面测试结果
Ground test results of the electromagnetic interference for the x-ray microcalorimeter onboard XRISM
摘要：
低温探测器的电磁干扰是许多飞行任务中的一个严重问题。我们研究了航天器组件对X射线成像和光谱任务（XRISM）上Resolve仪器的X射线微量热计造成的EMI，该任务目前正在由国际合作开发，计划于2023年发射。重点研究了用于航天器姿态控制的磁力矩器（MTQ）产生的低频磁场和用于航天器与地面站通信的S、X波段天线产生的射频电磁场对航天器电磁干扰的影响。我们在2021-2022年在筑波的JAXA设施中使用飞行模型硬件在仪器和航天器层面进行了一系列地面测试。我们还使用Fugaku高性能计算设备进行了部分电磁模拟。MTQs被发现与微量热计耦合，我们推测通过低频磁场的拾取和进一步的电容耦合。没有证据表明，由此产生的能量分辨率退化超出了当前的噪声预算分配。发现射频通信系统没有留下显著影响。我们在这篇文章中提出的测试和模拟的结果。
英文摘要：
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) for low-temperature detectors is a serious concern in many missions. We investigate the EMI caused by the spacecraft components to the x-ray microcalorimeter of the Resolve instrument onboard the X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM), which is currently under development by an international collaboration and is planned to be launched in 2023. We focus on the EMI from (a) the low-frequency magnetic field generated by the magnetic torquers (MTQ) used for the spacecraft attitude control and (b) the radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic field generated by the S and X band antennas used for communication between the spacecraft and the ground stations. We executed a series of ground tests both at the instrument and spacecraft levels using the flight-model hardware in 2021-2022 in a JAXA facility in Tsukuba. We also conducted electromagnetic simulations partially using the Fugaku high-performance computing facility. The MTQs were found to couple with the microcalorimeter, which we speculate through pick-ups of low-frequency magnetic field and further capacitive coupling. There is no evidence that the resultant energy resolution degradation is beyond the current allocation of noise budget. The RF communication system was found to leave no significant effect. We present the result of the tests and simulation in this article.
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