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arXiv 2302.04876hep-thgr-qc
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无虚质量引力的动力学表述

A dynamical formulation of ghost-free massive gravity

Claudia de Rham, Jan Kożuszek, Andrew J. Tolley, Toby Wiseman

摘要:

我们提出了一个公式的幽灵免费的大质量引力与平坦的参考度量,表现出完整的非线性约束代数,在某种程度上,可以直接实现的数值模拟。在大量引力的低能量有效描述的高阶算子的存在下,我们展示了高阶梯度(耗散)项的包含如何导致其动力学的适定性。虽然制定的最小和二次质量项的任何背景下的通用组合,具体来说,我们然后专注于球对称引力坍缩的标量场物质的极小模型的数值演化。这个极小模型没有携带相关的相互作用来开启一个活跃的Vainshtein机制,至少在球对称性下是这样,因此我们不期望恢复通常的GR行为,即使是对于小的引力子质量。尽管如此,我们可能会问,对于这个引力理论来说,物质坍缩的结果是什么。从远离中心的小初始数据开始,我们通过非线性机制跟踪物质,因为它落向原点。对于足够弱的数据,物质分散。然而,对于更大的数据,我们通常会发现,经典的演化崩溃,由于理论成为无限强耦合没有一个明显的地平线屏蔽这种行为从渐近观察者的存在。

英文摘要:

We present a formulation of ghost-free massive gravity with flat reference metric that exhibits the full non-linear constraint algebraically, in a way that can be directly implemented for numerical simulations. Motivated by the presence of higher order operators in the low-energy effective description of massive gravity, we show how the inclusion of higher-order gradient (dissipative) terms leads to a well-posed formulation of its dynamics. While the formulation is presented for a generic combination of the minimal and quadratic mass terms on any background, for concreteness, we then focus on the numerical evolution of the minimal model for spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of scalar field matter. This minimal model does not carry the relevant interactions to switch on an active Vainshtein mechanism, at least in spherical symmetry, thus we do not expect to recover usual GR behaviour even for small graviton mass. Nonetheless we may ask what the outcome of matter collapse is for this gravitational theory. Starting with small initial data far away from the centre, we follow the matter through a non-linear regime as it falls towards the origin. For sufficiently weak data the matter disperses. However for larger data we generally find that the classical evolution breaks down due to the theory becoming infinitely strongly coupled without the presence of an apparent horizon shielding this behaviour from an asymptotic observer.

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