火花放电Generator作为一种稳定可靠的纳米颗粒合成装置：分析工艺和电路变量对合成纳米颗粒特性的影响
Spark Discharge Generator as a Stable and Reliable Nanoparticle Synthesis Device: Analysis of the Impact of Process and Circuit Variables on the Characteristics of Synthesized Nanoparticles
摘要：
纳米技术提供了利用体相不具备的量子特性的希望。这些理想的性能高度依赖于尺寸和组成。因此，控制这些变量的发电机对于该领域的进展至关重要。火花放电发生器（SDG）是用于纳米颗粒合成的杰出气溶胶路线，由于其快速动力学、可扩展性、高纯度、准确性和再现性而脱颖而出，并具有允许合成任何导电材料的纳米颗粒的额外优势。这些优点是其巨大的加热和冷却速率的结果，其内在的和易于控制的电子变量在点击达到。然而，这些变量对实际产生的气溶胶的机械影响仍然没有完全了解。在这项工作中，我们构建了一个SDG，并系统地研究了它的行为，特别感兴趣的是电阻，电容，电感，流量，间隙分离和电流对火花的电气行为的影响。我们的模型系统主要产生Fe和Cu纳米粒子与测量浓度。我们讨论了火花如何影响颗粒的大小和数量的浓度，并提供有用的相关性，链接与独立变量。值得注意的是，有限的阻力在所产生的气溶胶的输出中产生最大值。这表明电路的RLC特性和布线到火花的频率和纳米颗粒数量浓度之间的直接联系，表明利用这种行为朝向最大化纳米颗粒生成的潜力。此外，我们讨论了火花振荡和能量释放与随之而来的气溶胶生成之间的联系。
英文摘要：
Nanotechnology offers the promise of harnessing quantum properties not available in the bulk phase. These desirable properties are highly dependent on size and composition. Generators that control these variables are therefore essential for progress in the field. The spark discharge generator (SDG) is an outstanding aerosol route for nanoparticle synthesis, which stands out due to its fast kinetics, scalability, high purity, accuracy and reproducibility with the added advantage of allowing the synthesis of nanoparticles of any conducting material. These advantages are a consequence of its vast heating and cooling rates, its intrinsic and easily controllable electronic variables at the reach of a click. However, the mechanistic impact of these variables on the actual aerosol generated is still not fully understood. In this work, we constructed an SDG and systematically studied its behavior with particular interest in the effect that resistance, capacitance, inductance, flow rate, gap separation and current have on the electrical behavior of the spark. Our model system produced primarily Fe and Cu nanoparticles with measured concentrations. We discuss how the spark influences particle size and number concentration and provide useful correlations that link dependent with independent variables. Remarkably, a finite resistance produces a maximum in the output of the generated aerosols. This suggests a direct link between RLC properties of the circuit and cabling into the frequency of the spark, and nanoparticle number concentration, indicating potential for exploiting such behavior towards maximizing nanoparticle generation. Furthermore, we discuss a link between spark oscillations and energy release with its consequent aerosol generation.
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