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arXiv 2302.03026stat.MLastro-ph.IMcs.LGstat.ME
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面向一般推断的后验估计器的基于采样的准确性检验

Sampling-Based Accuracy Testing of Posterior Estimators for General Inference

Mila – Quebec AI Institute(米拉-魁北克人工智能研究所);Université de Montréal(蒙特利尔大学);CIELA Institute(CIELA研究所);Flatiron Institute Center for Computational Mathematics(弗拉蒂龙研究所计算数学中心)

Pablo Lemos, Adam Coogan, Yashar Hezaveh, Laurence Perreault-Levasseur

AI总结:

本文提出 TARP 覆盖率测试,通过随机点与采样估计生成式后验估计器的覆盖概率,无需后验评估,可在高维空间中识别现有方法无法发现的不准确推断。

摘要:

参数推断,即在给定某些数据的情况下推断统计模型参数的后验分布,是许多科学学科的核心问题。在基于似然和基于模拟的问题中,生成模型都可以用作马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛方法的替代方案来进行后验推断。然而,评估生成模型中编码的后验的准确性并不简单。在本文中,我们引入了“随机点准确性检验”(TARP)覆盖率测试,作为一种估计生成式后验估计器覆盖概率的方法。我们的方法不同于先前存在的、需要后验评估的基于覆盖率的方法。我们证明了我们的方法对于证明后验估计器是准确的既是必要的也是充分的。我们在各种合成示例上演示了该方法,并表明 TARP 可用于检验高维空间中的后验推断分析结果。我们还表明,在现有方法失效的情况下,我们的方法能够检测出不准确的推断。

英文摘要:

Parameter inference, i.e. inferring the posterior distribution of the parameters of a statistical model given some data, is a central problem to many scientific disciplines. Generative models can be used as an alternative to Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods for conducting posterior inference, both in likelihood-based and simulation-based problems. However, assessing the accuracy of posteriors encoded in generative models is not straightforward. In this paper, we introduce `Tests of Accuracy with Random Points' (TARP) coverage testing as a method to estimate coverage probabilities of generative posterior estimators. Our method differs from previously-existing coverage-based methods, which require posterior evaluations. We prove that our approach is necessary and sufficient to show that a posterior estimator is accurate. We demonstrate the method on a variety of synthetic examples, and show that TARP can be used to test the results of posterior inference analyses in high-dimensional spaces. We also show that our method can detect inaccurate inferences in cases where existing methods fail.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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