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arXiv 2302.01182cs.CRcs.SE
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在不破坏网络的情况下阻止JavaScript:一项实证研究

Blocking JavaScript without Breaking the Web: An Empirical Investigation

Abdul Haddi Amjad, Zubair Shafiq, Muhammad Ali Gulzar

摘要:

现代网站严重依赖JavaScript(JS)来实现合法功能以及侵犯隐私的广告和跟踪。诸如NoScript之类的浏览器扩展会阻止任何未被可信端点列表加载的脚本,从而希望阻止侵犯隐私的脚本,同时避免破坏合法的网站功能。在本文中,我们研究在不破坏合法功能的情况下,在Web上阻止JS是否可行。为此,我们在10万个网站上进行了大规模的JS阻塞测量研究。我们评估了不同JS阻塞策略在跟踪预防和功能破坏方面的有效性。我们的评估依赖于对网络请求和资源负载的定量分析以及对视觉破坏的手动定性分析。首先,我们表明,虽然阻止所有脚本在减少跟踪方面非常有效,但它会显着降低大约三分之二的测试网站的功能。其次,我们表明,选择性阻止的脚本子集的基础上策划的列表实现了更好的权衡。然而,仍有大约15%的“混合”脚本,它们基本上将跟踪和合法功能合并在一起,因此无法在不造成网站中断的情况下被阻止。最后,我们表明,细粒度的阻塞的JS方法的子集,而不是脚本,减少了3.8 $\times$的主要破损,同时提供相同级别的跟踪预防。我们的工作突出了细粒度JS拦截的承诺和开放的挑战,以在不破坏网络的情况下进行跟踪预防。

英文摘要:

Modern websites heavily rely on JavaScript (JS) to implement legitimate functionality as well as privacy-invasive advertising and tracking. Browser extensions such as NoScript block any script not loaded by a trusted list of endpoints, thus hoping to block privacy-invasive scripts while avoiding breaking legitimate website functionality. In this paper, we investigate whether blocking JS on the web is feasible without breaking legitimate functionality. To this end, we conduct a large-scale measurement study of JS blocking on 100K websites. We evaluate the effectiveness of different JS blocking strategies in tracking prevention and functionality breakage. Our evaluation relies on quantitative analysis of network requests and resource loads as well as manual qualitative analysis of visual breakage. First, we show that while blocking all scripts is quite effective at reducing tracking, it significantly degrades functionality on approximately two-thirds of the tested websites. Second, we show that selective blocking of a subset of scripts based on a curated list achieves a better tradeoff. However, there remain approximately 15% `mixed` scripts, which essentially merge tracking and legitimate functionality and thus cannot be blocked without causing website breakage. Finally, we show that fine-grained blocking of a subset of JS methods, instead of scripts, reduces major breakage by 3.8$\times$ while providing the same level of tracking prevention. Our work highlights the promise and open challenges in fine-grained JS blocking for tracking prevention without breaking the web.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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