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arXiv 2301.09757cs.DMcs.AImath.CO
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无限方格网格的填充色数为15

The Packing Chromatic Number of the Infinite Square Grid is 15

Carnegie Mellon University(卡内基梅隆大学)

Bernardo Subercaseaux, Marijn J. H. Heule

AI总结:

该研究提出新型命题编码与对称性破缺方法,将相关方法性能提升两个数量级,证明了无限方格网格的填充色数为15,解决了自2002年以来的开放问题。

摘要:

填充k着色是图k着色标准概念的一种自然变体,它为顶点分配取自{1,…,k}的数字,且被分配同一颜色c∈{1,…,k}的任意两个顶点之间的距离必须大于c(而在标准图着色中距离要求大于1)。尽管已有一系列渐进式研究,但确定无限方格网格的填充色数自2002年被提出以来,一直是一个未解难题。我们通过证明该数值为15,为这一探索画上了句号。我们将该问题的已知最优方法性能提升了约两个数量级,从而得到了这一结果。提升性能的最关键技术是一种新颖且效果惊人的命题编码方法。此外,我们还开发了一种新的对称性破缺方法。由于这两种新技术都比该问题的现有技术更复杂,因此需要一种经过验证的方法来确保其可靠性。我们将这两种技术都纳入了不可满足性证明中,从而将可信核心简化为直接编码的正确性。

英文摘要:

A packing $k$-coloring is a natural variation on the standard notion of graph $k$-coloring, where vertices are assigned numbers from $\{1, \ldots, k\}$, and any two vertices assigned a common color $c \in \{1, \ldots, k\}$ need to be at a distance greater than $c$ (as opposed to $1$, in standard graph colorings). Despite a sequence of incremental work, determining the packing chromatic number of the infinite square grid has remained an open problem since its introduction in 2002. We culminate the search by proving this number to be 15. We achieve this result by improving the best-known method for this problem by roughly two orders of magnitude. The most important technique to boost performance is a novel and surprisingly effective propositional encoding. Additionally, we developed a new symmetry-breaking method. Since both new techniques are more complex than existing techniques for this problem, a verified approach is required to trust them. We include both techniques in a proof of unsatisfiability, reducing the trusted core to the correctness of the direct encoding.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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