The Faraday Rotation Measure Grid of the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: Data Release 2
S. P. O'Sullivan, T. W. Shimwell, M. J. Hardcastle, C. Tasse, G. Heald, E. Carretti, M. Brüggen, V. Vacca, C. Sobey, C. L. Van Eck, C. Horellou, R. Beck, M. Bil… 展开作者
S. P. O'Sullivan, T. W. Shimwell, M. J. Hardcastle, C. Tasse, G. Heald, E. Carretti, M. Brüggen, V. Vacca, C. Sobey, C. L. Van Eck, C. Horellou, R. Beck, M. Bilicki, S. Bourke, A. Botteon, J. H. Croston, A. Drabent, K. Duncan, V. Heesen, S. Ideguchi, M. Kirwan, L. Lawlor, B. Mingo, B. Nikiel-Wroczyński, J. Piotrowska, A. M. M. Scaife, R. J. van Weeren
备注：
20 pages, 23 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Go to https://lofar-mksp.org/data/ to download the catalogue and associated data products
法拉第旋转测度（RM）星表，或称RM网格，是研究宇宙磁性的宝贵资源。利用LOFAR两米巡天（LoTSS）的第二次数据发布（DR 2），我们制作了一个包含2461个河外高精度RM值的目录，这些值分布在5720度$^{2}$的天空中（对应于$\sim$ 0.43度$^{-2}$的偏振源面数密度）。线性极化和RM特性是使用RM合成从Stokes $Q$和$U$通道图像中推导出来的，角分辨率为20“，频率范围为120至168 MHz，通道带宽为97.6 kHz。发现偏振的总强度源（$>1$ mJy束$^{-1}$）的分数为$\sim$ 0.2%。中值探测阈值为0.6毫焦束$^{-1}$（$8σ_{QU}$），中值RM不确定度为0.06 rad m $^{-2}$（尽管在电离层RM校正后，系统不确定度可能高达0.3 rad m $^{-2}$）。检测到的源的偏振度的中值为1.8%，范围为0.05%至31%。与cm波长RM的比较表明LoTSS检测中法拉第复杂性最小，使其成为RM网格研究的理想来源。88%的源获得了宿主星系的识别，以及79%的红移（光度和光谱），中值红移为0.6。当前目录的重点是可靠性而不是完整性，我们预计LoTSS RM Grid的未来版本将具有更高的面数密度。此外，还发现了25颗双星，主要是通过它们的高度线性偏振。
英文摘要：
A Faraday rotation measure (RM) catalogue, or RM Grid, is a valuable resource for the study of cosmic magnetism. Using the second data release (DR2) from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS), we have produced a catalogue of 2461 extragalactic high-precision RM values across 5720 deg$^{2}$ of sky (corresponding to a polarized source areal number density of $\sim$0.43 deg$^{-2}$). The linear polarization and RM properties were derived using RM synthesis from the Stokes $Q$ and $U$ channel images at an angular resolution of 20'' across a frequency range of 120 to 168 MHz with a channel bandwidth of 97.6 kHz. The fraction of total intensity sources ($>1$ mJy beam$^{-1}$) found to be polarized was $\sim$0.2%. The median detection threshold was 0.6 mJy beam$^{-1}$ ($8σ_{QU}$), with a median RM uncertainty of 0.06 rad m$^{-2}$ (although a systematic uncertainty of up to 0.3 rad m$^{-2}$ is possible, after the ionosphere RM correction). The median degree of polarization of the detected sources is 1.8%, with a range of 0.05% to 31%. Comparisons with cm-wavelength RMs indicate minimal amounts of Faraday complexity in the LoTSS detections, making them ideal sources for RM Grid studies. Host galaxy identifications were obtained for 88% of the sources, along with redshifts for 79% (both photometric and spectroscopic), with the median redshift being 0.6. The focus of the current catalogue was on reliability rather than completeness, and we expect future versions of the LoTSS RM Grid to have a higher areal number density. In addition, 25 pulsars were identified, mainly through their high degrees of linear polarization.
The LOFAR view of intergalactic magnetic fields with giant radio galaxies
巨射电星系（Giant Radio Galaxies，简称GRG）是一种物理上巨大的射电源，其辐射范围远远超出其所在星系的环境。它们的偏振特性受到在Mpc尺度上渗透星系际介质的约束不良的磁场的影响。现在可以用LOFAR对这类射电源进行低频（$<$ 200 MHz）极化研究。在这里，我们调查的偏振特性和法拉第旋转测量（RM）的目录中检测到的GRG的LoTSS。这是第一次对根据物理尺寸选择的射电星系进行大样本低频偏振研究。我们探索了它们的低密度环境的磁离子特性，并利用它们射电瓣的法拉第旋转特性探测星系际磁场。我们使用RM合成在120-168 MHz频段搜索极化发射，并推导出RM和分数极化的每个检测到的源组件。我们研究了1.4 GHz和144 MHz之间的去极化使用NVSS的图像。从240个GRG的样本中，我们检测到37个源的偏振，所有的总通量密度超过56毫焦耳。在1.4 GHz和144 MHz下检测到的GRG的分数极化与少量法拉第去极化（法拉第色散$<$ 0.3 rad m $^{-2}$）一致。我们的分析表明，叶扩展到一个低密度（$<10^{-5}$ cm $^{-3}$）的局部环境中渗透的弱磁场（$<$ 0.1 $μ$ G）与波动的规模为3至25千秒差距。前景星系团的存在似乎影响偏振探测率高达2 R $_{500}$。在一般情况下，这项工作证明了LOFAR的能力，以量化的稀薄环境中…
Single- and double-headed odd radio circles in the LOFAR surveys
Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg（汉堡天文台，汉堡大学）；Thüringer Landessternwarte（图林根州立天文台）；Universidad de Guanajuato（瓜纳华托大学）；Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München（慕尼黑大学物理学院大学天文台）；Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago（芝加哥大学天体物理学系）；ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy（荷兰射电天文研究所 ASTRON）；Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学安东·潘内克天文研究所）；Department of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Hertfordshire（赫特福德郡大学物理、天文与数学系）；INAF - Istituto di Radioastronomia（意大利国家天体物理研究所射电天文研究所）
