粘性流体中两个相互作用圆盘的三维沉降模式
Three-dimensional sedimentation patterns of two interacting disks in a viscous fluid
AI总结：
本文通过直接数值模拟和物理实验研究粘性流体中两个圆盘的三维沉降行为，基于无量纲转动惯量 I* 和雷诺数 Re 建立相图，划分出十种沉降模式，并揭示了接触概率随 I* 和 Re 减小而增大的规律。
摘要：
两个球形固体物体在粘性流体中的沉降已被广泛研究并得到充分理解。然而，一对扁平圆盘（三维情形）在流体中沉降时表现出更复杂的流体动力学行为。本研究旨在通过直接数值模拟（DNS）和物理实验来加深对这一现象的理解。当前结果表明，沉降过程显著受圆盘形状（以无量纲转动惯量 I* 表征）和领先圆盘雷诺数 Re 的影响。对于 I* 较小的更扁平圆盘，随着 Re 增大，持续接触的稳定下落转变为间歇接触的周期性摆动。I* 较大的圆盘在低 Re 时倾向于以“追赶-亲吻-翻滚”（DKT）模式下落，而在高 Re 时则保持分离。基于 I* 和 Re，建立了一个相图，将双圆盘下落分为十种不同的模式。圆盘的平面运动或三维运动主要由 Re 决定。高 Re 下的湍流扰动流导致了圆盘混沌的三维旋转。当 I* 和 Re 减小时，两个圆盘发生接触的概率增大。
英文摘要：
The sedimentation of two spherical solid objects in a viscous fluid has been extensively investigated and well understood. However, a pair of flat disks (in three dimensions) settling in the fluid shows more complex hydrodynamic behaviors. The present work aims to improve understanding of this phenomenon by performing Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) and physical experiments. The present results show that the sedimentation processes are significantly influenced by disk shape, characterized by a dimensionless moment of inertia I*, and Reynolds number of the leading disk Re. For the flatter disks with smaller I*, steady falling with enduring contact transits to periodic swinging with intermittent contacts as Re increases. The disks with larger I* tend to fall in a Drafting-Kissing-Tumbling (DKT) mode at low Re and to remain separated at high Re. Based on I* and Re, a phase diagram is created to classify the two-disk falling into ten distinctive patterns. The planar motion or three-dimensional motion of the disks is determined primarily by Re. Turbulent disturbance flows at a high Re contribute to the chaotic three-dimensional rotation of the disks. The chance for the two disks to contact is increased when I* and Re are reduced.
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