具有不同电极布局的长寿命变送器
Long-lived transmons with different electrode layouts
摘要：
为了检验非平衡准粒子对量子比特弛豫的贡献，我们用具有不同超导带隙的电极重复测量了Al/AlOx/Al传输子的弛豫时间T_1。在一个器件中，第一层电极通过热蒸发名义上纯的Al形成，而反电极通过沉积氧掺杂的Al形成，这给出了更大的间隙值。弛豫时间较长，但波动较大，在20 mK时T_1在100 ~ 300 μs之间变化。在其他的传输中，我们用掺氧铝淀积形成第一层电极，而用名义上纯铝淀积形成对电极。这些器件显示出相似的大而波动的T_1值范围，最大T_1值超过200 μs。在低于约150 mK的温度下，器件的弛豫时间并不强烈地依赖于温度，但由于热生成的准粒子而在高于此温度下迅速下降。
英文摘要：
To test the contribution of non-equilibrium quasiparticles to qubit relaxation, we have repeatedly measured the relaxation time T_1 in Al/AlOx/Al transmons with electrodes that have different superconducting gaps. In one device, the first layer electrode was formed by thermal evaporation of nominally pure Al, while the counter-electrode was formed by deposition of oxygen-doped Al, which gave a larger gap value. The relaxation time was long, but showed large fluctuations, with T_1 varying between about 100 and 300 μs at 20 mK. In other transmons, we formed the first layer electrode by deposition of oxygen-doped Al, while the counter-electrode was formed by deposition of nominally pure Al. These devices showed a similar range of large and fluctuating T_1 values, with maximum T_1 values over 200 μs. The relaxation time of the devices did not depend strongly on temperature below about 150 mK, but dropped rapidly above this due to thermally-generated quasiparticles.
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