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arXiv 2301.03090astro-ph.GA
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光学选择的水母星系中分子气体运动学的三维建模

3D modeling of the molecular gas kinematics in optically-selected jellyfish galaxies

C. Bacchini, M. Mingozzi, B. M. Poggianti, A. Moretti, M. Gullieuszik, A. Marasco, B. Cervantes Sodi, O. Sánchez-García, B. Vulcani, A. Werle, R. Paladino, M. Radovich

AI总结:

本研究对4个晚型水母星系的恒星与分子气体分布及运动学建模,分析冲压剥离特征,发现分子气体受冲压影响弱于原子和电离气体,且分子气体质量-尺度关系与环境无关。

摘要:

星系团中的星系会受到星系团内介质施加的冲压压力作用,这种压力会扰动甚至剥离星系的气体,同时不会影响恒星。我们对4个晚型星系团星系(JO201、JO204、JO206和JW100)的恒星与分子气体的分布及运动学进行建模,这些星系呈现出原子气体和电离气体尾迹,表明正处于冲压剥离过程中。我们分析了MUSE@VLT观测数据以及来自ALMA的CO数据,以寻找径向气体流、冲压剥离及其他扰动的特征。我们发现,除JW100可能例外,所有星系都存在恒星棒。JO201和JO206中发现了冲压作用的特征,其中JO206还在分子盘外缘显示出明显的持续剥离迹象;JW100的整个分子气体盘都受到剥离影响;而JO204的分子气体运动学则以旋转为主,而非冲压作用主导。我们还发现,与场星系相比,这些星系的分子气体湍流有所增强。JO204和JW100中存在大尺度分子气体径向流,但JO201和JO206中的径向流证据尚不明确。我们表明,本研究样本符合分子气体质量-尺度关系,证实即使在最极端的剥离案例中,该关系也基本与环境无关。我们的研究结果与以下结论一致:分子气体在不同时间尺度上受到冲压影响,且受影响程度弱于原子气体和电离气体相,这可能是因为分子气体密度更高,且与星系的引力束缚更紧密。

英文摘要:

Cluster galaxies are subject to the ram pressure exerted by the intracluster medium, which can perturb or even strip away their gas while leaving the stars undisturbed. We model the distribution and kinematics of the stars and the molecular gas in four late-type cluster galaxies (JO201, JO204, JO206, and JW100), which show tails of atomic and ionized gas indicative of ongoing ram pressure stripping. We analyze MUSE@VLT data and CO data from ALMA searching for signatures of radial gas flows, ram pressure stripping, and other perturbations. We find that all galaxies, with the possible exception of JW100, host stellar bars. Signatures of ram pressure are found in JO201 and JO206, which also shows clear indications of ongoing stripping in the molecular disk outskirts. The stripping affects the whole molecular gas disk of JW100. The molecular gas kinematics in JO204 is instead dominated by rotation rather than ram pressure. We also find indications of enhanced turbulence of the molecular gas compared to field galaxies. Large-scale radial flows of molecular gas are present in JO204 and JW100, but more uncertain in JO201 and JO206. We show that our sample follows the molecular gas mass-size relation, confirming that it is essentially independent of environment even for the most extreme cases of stripping. Our findings are consistent with the molecular gas being affected by the ram pressure on different timescales and less severely than the atomic and ionized gas phases, likely because the molecular gas is denser and more gravitationally bound to the galaxy.

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