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arXiv 2211.06293physics.flu-dyn
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利用DNS评估气泡诱导湍流中的被动标量动力学

Assessing passive scalar dynamics in bubble-induced turbulence using DNS

Niklas Hidman, Henrik Ström, Srdjan Sasic, Gaetano Sardina

AI总结:

本研究通过DNS分析气泡诱导湍流中的被动标量,发现标量谱从k^-5/3到k^-3的转变,并揭示其机制与气泡直径尺度相关,同时探讨了对流扩散率的影响。

摘要:

通过使用直接数值模拟(DNS)对含被动标量的气泡流进行研究,我们展示了标量谱从$k^{-5/3}$到$k^{-3}$随波数$k$的转变,这与单相各向同性湍流形成对比。对于水平方向存在平均标量梯度的情况,在高波数下标量谱的衰减速度快于$k^{-3}$。虽然$k^{-3}$标度在气泡流速度谱中已得到充分确立,但标量谱的行为尚未完全理解。我们发现标量谱的转变长度尺度与气泡直径相当或更小,并随液体中标量的分子扩散率减小而减小。我们使用DNS计算标量谱预算,并表明标量涨落是由气泡直径以上尺度上的平均标量梯度产生的,这与速度涨落相反。在气泡直径以下的尺度上,净标量传递按$k^{-1}$标度,从而引起标量谱的$k^{-3}$标度。这一发现与Dung等人(2023年)提出的关于$k^{-3}$标度背后物理机制的假设一致。我们还展示了气泡悬浮液的对流标量扩散率对气体体积分数和分子扩散率的依赖性,这种依赖性因平均标量梯度的方向而异。对于垂直方向的平均标量梯度,我们发现并定性解释了气体中分子扩散率对对对流标量扩散率的显著影响。

英文摘要:

By using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of bubbly flows with passive scalars, we show a transition in the scalar spectra from a $k^{-5/3}$ to a $k^{-3}$ scaling with the wavenumber $k$, in contrast with those of single-phase isotropic turbulence. For cases with a mean scalar gradient in the horizontal direction, the scalar spectrum decays faster than $k^{-3}$ at high wavenumbers. While the $k^{-3}$ scaling is well established in the bubbly flow velocity spectrum, the scalar spectrum behaviour is not fully understood. We find that the transition length scale of the scalar spectra is comparable to or below the bubble diameter and decreases with the molecular diffusivity of the scalar in the liquid. We use DNS to compute the scalar spectra budget and show that the scalar fluctuations are produced by the mean scalar gradient at length scales above the bubble diameter, contrary to the velocity fluctuations. At length scales below the bubble diameter, the net scalar transfer scales as $k^{-1}$ inducing the $k^{-3}$ scaling of the scalar spectra. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis proposed by Dung et al. (2023) about the physical mechanism behind the $k^{-3}$ scaling. We also show dependencies of the bubble suspension's convective scalar diffusivity on the gas volume fraction and molecular diffusivity that differs based on the direction of the mean scalar gradient. For a mean scalar gradient in the vertical direction, we find and qualitatively explain a significant effect of the molecular diffusivity in the gas on the convective scalar diffusivity.

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