负离子源SPIDER中腔衰荡谱诊断的发展和首次运行
Development and first operation of a Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy diagnostic in the negative ion source SPIDER
摘要：
ITER实验的中性束注入器将依靠负离子源产生16.7兆瓦的H/D粒子束，加速到1 MeV。这些源的原型已经建成，目前正在帕多瓦的Consorzio RFX中性束测试设施的一部分SPIDER实验（从射频等离子体中提取氘离子的生产源）中运行。在SPIDER中，H-/D-离子源耦合到三个栅极100 kV加速系统。天基信息平台实验的主要目标之一是均匀地最大化提取的电流密度;为实现这一目标，必须研究离子加速系统附近可用的负离子密度。在SPIDER中，负离子密度的线积分测量是通过腔衰荡光谱（CRDS）诊断进行的。其工作原理是基于通过H-/D-光分离吸收激光束脉冲的光子;通过将激光脉冲捕获在包含吸收介质（即负离子）的光学腔中来增强吸收检测。本文介绍并讨论了CRDS的SPIDER诊断设置，包括负离子密度的第一次测量，相关的主要源参数。
英文摘要：
The Neutral Beam Injectors of the ITER experiment will rely on negative ion sources to produce 16.7 MW beams of H/D particles accelerated at 1 MeV. The prototype of these sources was built and is currently operated in the SPIDER experiment (Source for the Production of Ions o Deuterium Extracted from an RF plasma), part of the Neutral Beam Test Facility of Consorzio RFX, Padua. In SPIDER, the H-/D- ion source is coupled to a three grids 100 kV acceleration system. One of the main targets of the experimentation in SPIDER is to uniformly maximize the extracted current density; to achieve this it is important to study the density of negative ions available in proximity of the ion acceleration system. In SPIDER, line-integrated measurements of negative ion density are performed by a Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) diagnostic. Its principle of operation is based on the absorption of the photons of a laser beam pulse by H-/D- photo-detachment; the absorption detection is enhanced by trapping the laser pulse in an optical cavity, containing the absorbing medium (i.e. negative ions). The paper presents and discusses the CRDS diagnostic setup in SPIDER, including the first measurements of negative ion density, correlated to the main source parameters.
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