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arXiv 2211.01232astro-ph.HE
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延伸至中等红移的银河系内与河外 X 射线暂现源的光度相空间

The Luminosity Phase Space of Galactic and Extragalactic X-ray Transients Out to Intermediate Redshifts

Ava Polzin, Raffaella Margutti, Deanne Coppejans, Katie Auchettl, Kim L. Page, Georgios Vasilopoulos, Joe S. Bright, Paolo Esposito, Peter K. G. Williams, Koji Mukai, Edo Berger

AI总结:

本文汇编 0≤z≤1 的多类 X 射线暂现源光变曲线,扩展持续时间—光度相空间以呈现光度演化,并识别出中等光度与短时间尺度区域为关键发现空间。

摘要:

我们对低至中等红移(0 ≤ z ≤ 1)暂现源的 X 射线相空间进行了详细汇编与分析,整合了 0.3–10 keV 能段内多种暂现/变光现象类别的观测光变曲线(并在必要时结合理论)。我们纳入的对象包括伽马射线暴余辉、超新星、超新星激波突破及与环境相互作用的激波、潮汐瓦解事件和活动星系核、快速蓝色光学暂现源、激变变星、磁星耀发/爆发和快速射电暴、冷恒星耀发、X 射线双星爆发以及超亮 X 射线源。我们的总体目标是为研究这些短暂事件提供一个综合资源,扩展 X 射线持续时间—光度相空间(DLPS),以展示光度演化。我们利用现有观测(包括定向观测和偶然观测)刻画各类暂现/变光种群的行为。将暂现信号置于更广阔的 DLPS 中加以语境化有两个主要目的:识别感兴趣区域(即参数空间中预期应有探测、但历史上观测不足的区域),并为新发现暂现信号的分类提供初步的定性指导。我们发现,尽管在 t > 0.1 天时,相空间中最高光度(主要是河外)和最低光度(主要是银河系内)的部分已有充分填充,但中等光度现象(L_x = 10^34–10^42 erg s^-1)构成了相空间中的一个缺口。因此,我们将 L_x = 10^34–10^42 erg s^-1 和 t = 10^-4–0.1 天确定为暂现 X 射线天文学中的关键发现相空间。

英文摘要:

We present a detailed compilation and analysis of the X-ray phase space of low- to intermediate-redshift ($ 0\le z \le 1$) transients that consolidates observed light curves (and theory where necessary) for a large variety of classes of transient/variable phenomena in the 0.3--10 keV energy band. We include gamma-ray burst afterglows, supernovae, supernova shock breakouts and shocks interacting with the environment, tidal disruption events and active galactic nuclei, fast blue optical transients, cataclysmic variables, magnetar flares/outbursts and fast radio bursts, cool stellar flares, X-ray binary outbursts, and ultraluminous X-ray sources. Our overarching goal is to offer a comprehensive resource for the examination of these ephemeral events, extending the X-ray duration-luminosity phase space (DLPS) to show luminosity evolution. We use existing observations (both targeted and serendipitous) to characterize the behavior of various transient/variable populations. Contextualizing transient signals in the larger DLPS serves two primary purposes: to identify areas of interest (i.e., regions in the parameter space where one would expect detections, but in which observations have historically been lacking) and to provide initial qualitative guidance in classifying newly discovered transient signals. We find that while the most luminous (largely extragalactic) and least luminous (largely Galactic) part of the phase space is well-populated at $t > 0.1$ days, intermediate luminosity phenomena (L$_x = 10^{34} - 10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$) represent a gap in the phase space. We thus identify L$_x = 10^{34} - 10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$ and $t = 10^{-4} - 0.1$ days as a key discovery phase space in transient X-ray astronomy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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