In this paper, we investigate homological properties of Banach algebras. We show that retractions Banach algebras preserve biprojectivity, contractibility and biflatness. We also prove that contractibility of second dual of a Banach algebra implies contractibility of the Banach algebra. For a Banach algebra $A$ with $Δ(A)\neq\emptyset$, let $\frak{F}(X, A)$ be one of the Banach algebras $C_b(X, A)$, $C_0(X, A)$, $\hbox{Lip}_α(X, A)$ or $\hbox{lip}_α(X, A)$. In the following, we study homological properties of Banach algebra $\frak{F}(X, A)$, especially contractibility of it. We prove that contractibility of $\frak{F}(X, A)$ is equivalent to finiteness of $X$ and contractibility of $A$. In the case where, $A$ is commutative, we show that $\frak{F}(X, A)$ is contractible if and only if $A$ is a $C^*-$algebra and both $X$ and $Δ(A)$ are finite. In particular, $\hbox{lip}_α^0(X, A)$ is contractible if and only if $X$ is finite. We also investigate contractibility of $L^1(G, A)$ and establish $L^1(G, A)$ is contractible if and only if $G$ finite and $A$ is contractible. Finally, we show that biprojectivity of the Beurling algebra $L^1(G, ω)$ is equivalent to compactness of $G$, however, biprojectivity of the Banach algebras $L^1(G, ω)^{**}$ is equivalent to finiteness of $G$. This result holds for the Banach algebra $M(G, ω)^{**}$ instead of $L^1(G, ω)^{**}$.
In this paper, we study the notion of $ϕ$-biflatness, $ϕ$-biprojectivity, approximate biprojectivity and Johnson pseudo-contractibility for a new class of Banach algebras. Using this class of Banach algebras we give some examples which are approximately biprojective. Also some Banach algebras are given among matrix algebras which are never Johnson pseudo-contractible.
The purpose of this paper is to lay the foundations for the study of the problem of when $\Ext^n(X, Y)=0$ in Banach/quasi-Banach spaces. We provide a number of examples of couples $X,Y$ so that $\Ext^n(X,Y)$ is (or is not ) $0$, including the first example of a separable Banach space $\mathscr K$ so that $\Ext^n(\mathscr K, \mathscr K)\neq 0$ for all $n\in \N$. Such space moreover provides the first example of Banach spaces with infinite homological dimension/codimension. We also show that the homological dimension/codimension of Hilbert spaces is infinite. The final section is devoted to comp…
The conditions on a Banach space, $E$, under which the algebra, $\mathcal{K}(E)$, of compact operators on $E$ is right flat or homologically unital are investigated. These homological properties are related to factorization in the algebra and it is shown that, for $\mathcal{K}(E)$, they are closely associated with the approximation property for $E$. The class of spaces, $E$, such that $\mathcal{K}(E)$ is known to be right flat and homologically unital is extended to include spaces which do not have the bounded compact approximation property.
Let $A$ and $B$ be Banach algebras and let $T$ be an algebra homomorphism from $B$ into $A$. The Cartesian product space $A\times B$ by $T$- Lau product and $\ell^{1}$- norm becomes a Banach algebra $A\times_{T}B$. We investigate the notions such as injectivity, projectivity and flatness for the Banach algebra $A\times_{T}B$. We also characterize Hochschild cohomology for the Banach algebra $A\times_{T}B$.
We show that there exists a Banach space $E$ with the following properties: the Banach algebra $\mathscr{B}(E)$ of bounded, linear operators on $E$ has a singular extension which splits algebraically, but it does not split strongly, and the homological bidimension of $\mathscr{B}(E)$ is at least two. The first of these conclusions solves a natural problem left open by Bade, Dales, and Lykova (Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 1999), while the second answers a question of Helemskii. The Banach space $E$ that we use was originally introduced by Read (J. London Math. Soc. 1989).
In this paper, we countinue our work in \cite{11}. We show that $L^{1}(G,w)$ is $ϕ_{0}$-biprojective if and only if $G$ is compact, where $ϕ_{0}$ is the augmentation character. We introduce the notions of character Johnson amenability and character Johnson contractibility for Banach algebras. We show that $\ell^{1}(S)$ is pseudo-amenable if and only if $\ell^{1}(S)$ is character Johnson-amenable, provided that $S$ is a uniformly locally finite band semigroup. We give some conditions whether $ϕ$-biprojectivity ($ϕ$-biflatness) of $\ell^{1}(S)$ implies the finiteness (amenability) of $S$, respec…
Let $B$ be a Banach $A-bimodule$. We introduce the weak topological centers of left module action and we show it by $\tilde{Z}^\ell_{B^{**}}(A^{**})$. For a compact group, we show that $L^1(G)=\tilde{Z}_{M(G)^{**}}^\ell(L^1(G)^{**})$ and on the other hand we have $\tilde{Z}_1^\ell{(c_0^{**})}\neq c_0^{**}$. Thus the weak topological centers are different with topological centers of left or right module actions. In this manuscript, we investigate the relationships between two concepts with some conclusions in Banach algebras. We also have some application of this new concept and topological cen…
Let T be a homomorphism from a Banach algebra B to a Banach algebra A.The Cartesian product space A * B with T-Lau multiplication and l^1-norm becomes a new Banach algebra A *_T B. We investigate the notions such as approximate amenability, pseudo amenability, phi-pseudo amenability,phi-biflatness and phi-biprojectivity for Banach algebra A *_T B. We also present an example to show that approximate amenability of A and B is not stable for A *_T B. Finally we characterize the double centralizer algebra of A *_T B and present an application of this characterization.
In this paper, we study some cohomlogical properties of Banach algebras. For a Banach algebra $A$ and a Banach $A$-bimodule $B$, we investigate the vanishing of the first Hochschild cohomology groups $H^1(A^n,B^m)$ and $H_{w^*}^1(A^n,B^m)$, where $0\leq m,n\leq 3$. For amenable Banach algebra $A$, we show that there are Banach $A$-bimodules $C$, $D$ and elements $\mathfrak{a}, \mathfrak{b}\in A^{**}$ such that $$Z^1(A,C^*)=\{R_{D^{\prime\prime}(\mathfrak{a})}:~D\in Z^1(A,C^*)\}=\{L_{D^{\prime\prime}(\mathfrak{b})}:~D\in Z^1(A,D^*)\}.$$ where, for every $b\in B$, $L_{b}(a)=ba$ and $R_{b}(a)=a b…
Let $B$ be a Banach $A-bimodule$ and let $n\geq 0$. We investigate the relationships between some cohomological groups of $A$, that is, if the topological center of the left module action $π_\ell:A\times B\rightarrow B$ of $A^{(2n)}$ on $B^{(2n)}$ is $B^{(2n)}$ and $H^1(A^{(2n+2)},B^{(2n+2)})=0$, then we have $H^1(A,B^{(2n)})=0$, and we find the relationships between cohomological groups such as $H^1(A,B^{(n+2)})$ and $H^1(A,B^{(n)})$, spacial $H^1(A,B^*)$ and $H^1(A,B^{(2n+1)})$. We obtain some results in Connes-amenability of Banach algebras, and so for every compact group $G$, we conclude t…
In this paper, first we study some Arens regularity properties of module actions. Let $B$ be a Banach $A-bimodule$ and let ${Z}^\ell_{B^{**}}(A^{**})$ and ${Z}^\ell_{A^{**}}(B^{**})$ be the topological centers of the left module action $π_\ell:~A\times B\rightarrow B$ and the right module action $π_r:~B\times A\rightarrow B$, respectively. We investigate some relationships between topological center of $A^{**}$, ${Z}_1({A^{**}})$ with respect to the first Arens product and topological centers of module actions ${Z}^\ell_{B^{**}}(A^{**})$ and ${Z}^\ell_{A^{**}}(B^{**})$. On the other hand, if $…
Associated with two Banach algebras $\mathcal A$ and $\mathcal B$ and a norm decreasing homomorphism $T:{\mathcal B}\rightarrow{\mathcal A}$, there is a certain Banach algebra product ${\mathcal A}\times_T {\mathcal B}$, which is a splitting extension of $\mathcal B$ by $\mathcal A$. We investigate some notions of amenability such as approximate weak amenability, approximate cyclic amenability, ideal amenability, approximate Connes-amenability, Pseudo-Connes amenability, $w^*$-approximate Connes-amenability, essential amenability, essential $ϕ$-amenability and essential character amenability. …
What has category theory to offer to Banach spacers? In this second part survey-like paper we will focus on very much needed advanced categorical and homological elements, such as Kan extensions, derived category and derived functor or Abelian hearts of Banach spaces.
In this paper, we deal with cohomological properties of weak amenability, cyclic amenability, cyclic weak amenability and point amenability of Banach algebras. We look at some hereditary properties of them and show that continuous homomorphisms with dense range preserve cyclically weak amenability, however, weak amenability and cyclically amenability are preserved under certain conditions. We also study these cohomological properties of the $θ-$Lau product $A\times_θB$ and the projective tensor product $A\hat{\otimes} B$. Finally, we investigate the cohomological properties of $A^{**}$ and est…
Let $\frak{F}(X, A)$ be one of the Banach algebras $\hbox{Lip}(X, A)$ or $\hbox{lip}(X, A)$. In this paper, we show that $\frak{F}(X, A)$ is amenable if and only if $X$ is uniformly discrete and $A$ is amenable. We also prove that the result holds for $\hbox{lip}^\circ(X, A)$ instead of $\frak{F}(X, A)$. In the case where $A^*$ is separable, we establish that $\frak{F}(X, A)^{**}$ is amenable if and only if $X$ is uniformly discrete and $A^{**}$ is amenable, however, amenability of $\hbox{lip}^\circ(X, A)^{**}$ is equivalent to amenability of $A^{**}$ and finiteness of $X$. We prove that if $\…
In this paper, we introduce a homological notion of left $ϕ$-biprojectivity for Banach algebras, where $ϕ$ is a non-zero multiplicative linear functional. We show that for a locally compact group $G$, the Segal algebra $S(G)$ is left $ϕ$-contractible if and only if $G$ is compact. Also, we prove that the Fourier algebra $A(G)$ is left $ϕ$-biprojective if and only if $G$ is discrete. Finally, we study left $ϕ$-biprojectivity of certain semigroup algebras. We give some examples which show the differences between our new notion and the classical ones.
Let $G$ and $H$ be locally compact groups. $BM(G, H)$ denoted the Banach algebra of bounded bilinear forms on $C_{0}(G)\times C_{0}(H)$.In this paper, the homological properties of Bimeasure algebras are investigated. It is found and approved that the Bimeasure algebras $BM(G, H)$ is amenable if and only if $G$ and $H$ are discrete. The correlation between the weak amenability of $BM(G, H)$ and $M(G\times H)$ is assessed. It is found and approved that the biprojectivity of the bimeasure algebra $BM(G, H)$ is equivalent to the finiteness of $G$ and $H$. Furthermore, we show that the bimeasure g…
Abstract harmonic analysis, homological algebra, and operator spaces
1972年，B. E. Johnson证明了局部紧群$G$是顺从的当且仅当它的卷积代数$L^1(G)$的某些Hochschild上同调群为零。类似地，$G$是紧的当且仅当$L^1(G)$是双投射的：在每种情况下，$G$的一个经典性质对应于$L^1(G)$的一个上同调性质。从Z的工作开始J. Ruan在1995年的研究中，很明显，在非交换设置中，即当处理傅立叶代数$A(G)$或傅立叶-斯蒂尔吉斯代数$B(G)$时，必须考虑所考虑的代数的正则算子空间结构：与Johnson的结果类似，阮氏通过$A(G)$的某些上同调群的消失刻画了顺从局部紧群$G$.在本文中，我们给出了一个调查的历史发展，已知的结果，和当前的开放问题。
We investigate the notions of amenability and its related homological notions for a class of $I\times I$-upper triangular matrix algebra, say $UP(I,A)$, where $A$ is a Banach algebra equipped with a non-zero character. We show that $UP(I,A)$ is pseudo-contractible (amenable) if and only if $I$ is singleton and $A$ is pseudo-contractible (amenable), respectively. We also study the notions of pseudo-amenability and approximate biprojectivity of $UP(I,A)$.
Let G be a locally compact group, let $Ω:G\times G\to \mathbb{C}^*$ be a 2-cocycle, and let ($Φ$,$Ψ$) be a complementary pair of strictly increasing continuous Young functions. We continue our investigation of the algebraic properties of the Orlicz space $L^Φ(G)$ with respect to the twisted convolution $\circledast$ coming from $Ω$. We show that the twisted Orlicz algebra $(L^Φ(G),\circledast)$ posses a bounded approximate identity if and only if it is unital if and only if $G$ is discrete. On the other hand, under suitable condition on $Ω$, $(L^Φ(G),\circledast)$ becomes an Arens regular, dua…
