（人）休息时的呼吸频率
The (human) respiratory rate at rest
摘要：
所有的学生都知道自己呼吸的频率，但即使是专家也不知道确切的原因。本出版物的目的是使用生理学、物理学和数学方法，借助进化将生理学推向尽可能经济的方向的原理，开发静息自主呼吸率的模型。然后，呼吸速率从具有生物体的CO2产生速率、阻力、静态顺应性和肺的死腔、吸气持续时间：呼气持续时间比和呼气末CO2分数的参数的方程得出。推导只需要中学数学。使用成年人或新生儿的例子，来自文献的数据然后导致他们在休息时的呼吸率的正常值。与成人相比，新生儿呼吸率较高的原因是相对较高的CO2产生率以及相对较低的肺顺应性。一个附带的结果是，整个肺的共同肺泡压力和共同的时间常数也是经济原则的结果。由于上述参数不是人类特异性的，因此没有理由假设上述等式也不能适用于许多动物，特别是哺乳动物，通过胸腔内的肺呼吸。不仅生理学和生物学，而且医学，可以受益：适用性正在讨论肺功能诊断，包括病理生理学。然而，本出版物仅声称是自主安静呼吸率的理论概念。在缺乏可比较的动物数据的情况下，本出版物旨在鼓励进一步的科学试验。
英文摘要：
All schoolchildren know how often they breathe, but even experts don't know exactly why. The aim of this publication is to develop a model of the resting spontaneous breathing rate using physiological, physical and mathematical methods with the aid of the principle that evolution pushes physiology in a direction that is as economical as possible. The respiratory rate then follows from an equation with the parameters CO2-production rate of the organism, resistance, static compliance and dead space of the lungs, the inspiration duration: expiration duration - ratio and the end-expiratory CO2 fraction. The derivation requires exclusively secondary school mathematics. Using the example of an adult human or a newborn child, data from the literature then result in normal values for their breathing rate at rest. The reason for the higher respiratory rate of a newborn human compared to an adult is the relatively high CO2-production rate together with the comparatively low compliance of the lungs. A side result is the fact that the common alveolar pressure throughout the lungs and the common time constant is a consequence of the economical principle as well. Since the above parameters are not human-specific, there is no reason to assume that the above equation could not also be applicable to many animals breathing through lungs within a thorax, especially mammals. Not only physiology and biology, but also medicine, could benefit: Applicability is being discussed in pulmonary function diagnostics, including pathophysiology. However, the present publication only claims to be a theoretical concept for the spontaneous quiet breathing rate. In the absence of comparable animal data, this publication is intended to encourage further scientific tests.
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