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arXiv 2209.07397cs.LGcs.CYstat.ML
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从算法到行动:改善患者护理需要因果性

From algorithms to action: improving patient care requires causality

Wouter A. C. van Amsterdam, Pim A. de Jong, Joost J. C. Verhoeff, Tim Leiner, Rajesh Ranganath

AI总结:

本文指出在癌症研究中,忽略因果性的结果预测模型在用于治疗决策时可能造成伤害,并解释了现有验证指南的不足,提出了如何构建和验证对决策有用的因果模型的方法。

摘要:

在癌症研究中,人们对构建和验证结果预测模型以支持治疗决策有着浓厚的兴趣。然而,由于大多数结果预测模型在开发和验证时未考虑治疗决策的因果性,许多已发表的结果预测模型在用于决策时可能造成伤害,尽管在验证研究中被发现是准确的。关于预测模型验证的指南以及美国癌症联合委员会的风险模型认可清单,并不能防范那些在开发和验证期间准确但用于决策时有害的预测模型。我们解释了为什么会出现这种情况,以及如何构建和验证对决策有用的模型。

英文摘要:

In cancer research there is much interest in building and validating outcome predicting outcomes to support treatment decisions. However, because most outcome prediction models are developed and validated without regard to the causal aspects of treatment decision making, many published outcome prediction models may cause harm when used for decision making, despite being found accurate in validation studies. Guidelines on prediction model validation and the checklist for risk model endorsement by the American Joint Committee on Cancer do not protect against prediction models that are accurate during development and validation but harmful when used for decision making. We explain why this is the case and how to build and validate models that are useful for decision making.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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