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arXiv 2209.01633cond-mat.supr-con
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通过c轴太赫兹三次谐波产生研究欠掺杂YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_y$中近红外光诱导的类超导态

Near-infrared light-induced superconducting-like state in underdoped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_y$ studied by $c$-axis terahertz third-harmonic generation

Kota Katsumi, Morihiko Nishida, Stefan Kaiser, Shigeki Miyasaka, Setsuko Tajima, Ryo Shimano

AI总结:

针对欠掺杂YBCO中光诱导类超导响应的起源歧义,研究利用c轴太赫兹三次谐波产生技术探究,发现近红外泵浦诱导态无长程超导有序的特征信号,明确其与平衡超导态存在本质区别。

摘要:

近期,在远高于超导转变温度$T_{\text{c}}$的欠掺杂YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_y$(YBCO)中,观测到c轴光电导率存在光诱导的类超导(SC)瞬态响应,这一发现引发了高温超导领域的广泛关注。此后,大量理论与实验研究致力于阐明其微观起源。光诱导超导性的一个显著特征是,在太赫兹(THz)频率范围内,光电导率的虚部出现类似$1/\u03c9$的谱行为。然而,这种谱线轮廓也可以用散射率极低的准粒子(QPs)的德鲁德响应来描述。为解决这一关键歧义,我们利用由交流驱动约瑟夫森电流的超导集体激发产生的非线性太赫兹光学响应,研究了$T_{\text{c}}$为61 K的欠掺杂YBCO样品中的光诱导非平衡态。在$T_{\text{c}}$以上对YBCO样品进行近红外(NIR)光激发后,光电导率虚部出现了类似$1/\u03c9$的谱行为,这与此前的研究结果一致。但在近红外光激发态中,并未观测到由沿c轴的交流驱动约瑟夫森电流产生的太赫兹三次谐波。这些结果表明,在$T_{\text{c}}$以上表现出类似$1/\u03c9$响应的近红外泵浦诱导态,与平衡态下的长程有序超导态截然不同。基于这些观测结果,本文讨论了光激发诱导的沿c轴的非常规相干电荷载流子响应的可能起源。

英文摘要:

Recent observation of the light-induced superconducting (SC)-like transient response in the $c$-axis optical conductivity far above the SC transition temperature $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ in underdoped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_y$ (YBCO) has attracted great attention in the field of high-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$ superconductors. Since then, various theoretical and experimental studies have been devoted to elucidating its microscopic origin. One prominent fingerprint of the light-induced superconductivity is the emergence of $1/ω$-like spectral behavior in the imaginary part of the optical conductivity in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. However, the spectral profile can also be described by the Drude response of the quasiparticles (QPs) with a substantially low scattering rate. To circumvent this critical ambiguity, we investigated the light-induced nonequilibrium state in an underdoped YBCO sample with $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ of 61 K using the nonlinear THz optical response originating from the SC collective excitation of the ac-driven Josephson current. Upon the near-infrared (NIR) photoexcitation above $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ in the YBCO sample, the $1/ω$-like spectral behavior in the imaginary part of the optical conductivity emerges, consistent with the previous studies. However, the THz third-harmonic generation arising from the ac-driven Josephson current along the $c$-axis was absent in the NIR photoexcited state. These results indicate that the NIR-pump induced state exhibiting the $1/ω$-like response above $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ is distinct from the long-range ordered SC state in equilibrium. Based on these observations, the possible origins of the irregularly coherent charge carrier response along the $c$-axis induced by the photoexcitation are discussed.

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