争夺注意力--广播谈话节目对US选举和政治极化的影响
Competing for Attention -- The Effect of Talk Radio on Elections and Political Polarization in the US
摘要：
本文研究了谈话广播，特别是拉什林堡秀，在美国的选举结果和态度极化的影响，我们提出了一种新的识别策略，认为在每个县的无线电空间作为一个市场，多个电台正在争夺听众的注意力。我们的竞争措施是一个空间赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数（HHI）在无线电频率。为了解决endoeconomic问题，我们利用的变化，在一个县的意外频率重叠的基础上的竞争，有条件的无线电频率竞争的整体水平。我们发现，在2016年和2020年美国总统选举中，拉什·林堡秀曝光率较高的县对唐纳德·特朗普的投票份额系统性较高。结合我们的县级拉什林堡秀曝光措施与个人调查数据显示，自我认同的共和党人在县较高的曝光显示表达更保守的政治观点，而自我认同的民主党人在这些相同的县表达更温和的政治观点。总之，这些研究结果提供了一些关于当代谈话广播对政治结果的影响的初步见解，无论是在总体还是个人层面。
英文摘要：
This paper studies the effects of talk radio, specifically the Rush Limbaugh Show, on electoral outcomes and attitude polarization in the U.S. We propose a novel identification strategy that considers the radio space in each county as a market where multiple stations are competing for listeners' attention. Our measure of competition is a spatial Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) in radio frequencies. To address endogeneity concerns, we exploit the variation in competition based on accidental frequency overlaps in a county, conditional on the overall level of radio frequency competition. We find that counties with higher exposure to the Rush Limbaugh Show have a systematically higher vote share for Donald Trump in the 2016 and 2020 U.S. presidential elections. Combining our county-level Rush Limbaugh Show exposure measure with individual survey data reveals that self-identifying Republicans in counties with higher exposure to the Show express more conservative political views, while self-identifying Democrats in these same counties express more moderate political views. Taken together, these findings provide some of the first insights on the effects of contemporary talk radio on political outcomes, both at the aggregate and individual level.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
