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arXiv 2205.09129astro-ph.GA
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Tucana B:D $\approx$ 1.4 Mpc的一个可能孤立和淬灭的超暗矮星系

Tucana B: A Potentially Isolated and Quenched Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy at D$\approx$1.4 Mpc

D. J. Sand, B. Mutlu-Pakdil, M. G. Jones, A. Karunakaran, F. Wang, J. Yang, A. Chiti, P. Bennet, D. Crnojević, K. Spekkens

摘要:

我们报告的发现杜鹃座B,一个孤立的超微弱的矮星系在D=1.4 Mpc的距离。图卡纳B是在本星系群外围寻找已知矮星系的超暗伴星系时发现的,尽管它的天空位置和距离表明最近的星系距离$\sim$ 500千秒差距。深地基成像将杜鹃座B分解为恒星,它显示了一个稀疏的红巨星分支,与一个古老的、金属贫乏的恒星群相一致,类似于银河系中超微弱的矮星系,尽管视星等较暗。杜鹃座B的半光半径为80 $\pm$ 40 pc,绝对星等为$M_V$ = $-$ 6.9 $^{+0.5}_{-0.6}$等($L_V$ = $(5^{+4}_{-2})\times$ 10 $^4$ $L_{\odot}$),再次与银河系的超暗卫星相媲美。无论是在光学色星等图中还是在GALEX的紫外线影像档案中,都没有证据表明有年轻恒星存在,GALEX的数据显示在$\lesssim$ 1亿年的时间尺度上有$\log (\mathrm{SFR_{NUV}/M_\odot \, yr^{-1}}) < -5.4$形成恒星。考虑到它的隔离和物理特性,Tucana B可能是一个被再电离淬灭的超微弱矮星的明确例子,这为最低质量尺度下星系形成和演化的关键驱动力提供了强有力的证实。这也标志着在本星系群的极端边缘发现超微弱矮星系的新时代。

英文摘要:

We report the discovery of Tucana B, an isolated ultra-faint dwarf galaxy at a distance of D=1.4 Mpc. Tucana B was found during a search for ultra-faint satellite companions to the known dwarfs in the outskirts of the Local Group, although its sky position and distance indicate the nearest galaxy to be $\sim$500 kpc distant. Deep ground-based imaging resolves Tucana B into stars, and it displays a sparse red giant branch consistent with an old, metal poor stellar population analogous to that seen in the ultra-faint dwarf galaxies of the Milky Way, albeit at fainter apparent magnitudes. Tucana B has a half-light radius of 80$\pm$40 pc, and an absolute magnitude of $M_V$=$-$6.9$^{+0.5}_{-0.6}$ mag ($L_V$=$(5^{+4}_{-2})\times$10$^4$ $L_{\odot}$), which is again comparable to the Milky Way's ultra-faint satellites. There is no evidence for a population of young stars, either in the optical color magnitude diagram or in GALEX archival ultraviolet imaging, with the GALEX data indicating $\log (\mathrm{SFR_{NUV}/M_\odot \, yr^{-1}}) < -5.4$ for star formation on $\lesssim$100 Myr time scales. Given its isolation and physical properties, Tucana B may be a definitive example of an ultra-faint dwarf that has been quenched by reionization, providing strong confirmation of a key driver of galaxy formation and evolution at the lowest mass scales. It also signals a new era of ultra-faint dwarf galaxy discovery at the extreme edges of the Local Group.

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