The aim of this note is to compare several anticyclotomic $p$-adic $L$-functions for modular forms and $p$-adic families of ordinary modular forms, which have been defined and studied from different perspectives by Skinner-Urban, Hida, Perin-Riou, Bertolini-Darmon, Vatsal, Chida-Hsieh, Longo-Vigni, Castella-Longo and Castella-Kim-Longo. The main result of this paper is a comparison between the central critical twist of the two-variable anticyclotomic $p$-adic $L$-function obtained as specialisation of the three-variable $p$-adic $L$-function of Skinner-Urban and the two-variable $p$-adic $L$-function introduced by one of the authors on collaboration with Vigni by means of $p$-adic families of Gross points.
For the anticyclotomic p-adic Rankin--Selberg L-function attached to a fixed Hecke eigenform and an imaginary quadratic field we introduce the second p-adic variable by considering Hida families of Hecke eigenforms parametrized by the weight.
Building on the construction of big Heegner points in the quaternionic setting, and their relation to special values of Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions, we obtain anticyclotomic analogues of the results of Emerton-Pollack-Weston on the variation of Iwasawa invariants in Hida families. In particular, combined with the known cases of the anticyclotomic Iwasawa main conjecture in weight $2$, our results yield a proof of the main conjecture for $p$-ordinary newforms of higher weights and trivial nebentypus.
We construct the three-variable p-adic triple product L-functions attached to Hida families of ellptic newforms and prove the explicit interpolation formulae at all critical specializations by establishing explicit Ichino's formulae for the trilinear period integrals of automorphic forms. Our formulae perfectly fit the conjectural shape of p-adic L-functions predicted by Coates and Perrin-Riou. As an application, we prove the factorization of certain unbalanced p-adic triple product L-functions into a product of anticyclotomic p-adic L-functions for modular forms. By this factorization, we giv…
We construct the anticyclotomic $p$-adic $L$-function that interpolates a square root of central values of twisted spinor $L$-functions of a quadratic base change of a Siegel cusp form of genus $2$ with respect to a paramodular group of square-free level, assuming the Böcherer conjecture for the central $L$-values with anticyclotomic twists.
In this article, we follow Hida's approach to study the mu-invariant of the anticyclotomic projection of p-adic Hecke L-functions for CM fields along a branch character. We prove a conjecture of Gillard on the vanishing of the mu-invariant and give an exact mu-invariant formula for self-dual branch characters.
Let A be a modular elliptic curve over a totally real field F, and let E/F be a totally imaginary quadratic extension. In the event of exceptional zero phenomenon, we prove a formula for the derivative of the multivariable anticyclotomic p-adic L-function attached to (A,E), in terms of the Hasse-Weil L-function and certain p-adic periods attached to the respective automorphic forms. Our methods are based on a new construction of the anticyclotomic p-adic L-function by means of the corresponding automorphic representation.
We reinterpret the explicit construction of Gross points given by Chida-Hsieh as a non-Archimedian analogue of the standard geodesic cycle from zero to the infinity on the Poincare upper half plane. This analogy allows us to consider certain distributions, which can be regarded as anticyclotomic p-adic L-functions for modular forms of non-critical slope following the overconvergent strategy a la Stevens. We also give a geometric interpretation of their Gross points for the case of weight two forms. Our construction generalizes those of Bertolini-Darmon, Bertolini-Darmon-Iovita-Spiess, and Chid…
Let $E$ be a rational elliptic curve and let $p$ be an odd prime of additive reduction. Let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field and fix a positive integer $c$ prime to the conductor of $E$. The main goal of the present article is to define an anticyclotomic $p$-adic $L$-function $Ł$ attached to $E/K$ when $E/\QQ_p$ attains semistable reduction over an abelian extension. We prove that $Ł$ satisfies the expected interpolation properties; namely, we show that if $χ$ is an anticyclotomic character of conductor $cp^n$ then $χ(Ł)$ is equal (up to explicit constants) to $L(E,χ,1)$ or $L'(E,χ,1)$.
We construct the $Λ$-adic crystalline and Dieudonné analogues of Hida's ordinary $Λ$-adic étale cohomology, and employ integral $p$-adic Hodge theory to prove $Λ$-adic comparison isomorphisms between these cohomologies and the $Λ$-adic de Rham cohomology studied in the prequel to this paper as well as Hida's $Λ$-adic étale cohomology. As applications of our work, we provide a "cohomological" construction of the family of $(φ,Γ)$-modules attached to Hida's ordinary $Λ$-adic étale cohomology by the work of Dee, and we give a new and purely geometric proof of Hida's finitenes and control theorems…
We give a new construction of a $p$-adic $L$-function $\mathcal{L}(f,Ξ)$, for $f$ a holomorphic newform and $Ξ$ an anticyclotomic family of Hecke characters of $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-d})$. The construction uses Ichino's triple product formula to express the central values of $L(f,ξ,s)$ in terms of Petersson inner products, and then uses results of Hida to interpolate them. The resulting construction is well-suited for studying what happens when $f$ is replaced by a modular form congruent to it modulo $p$, and has future applications in the case where $f$ is residually reducible.
We construct the $Λ$-adic de Rham analogue of Hida's ordinary $Λ$-adic étale cohomology and of Ohta's $Λ$-adic Hodge cohomology, and by exploiting the geometry of integral models of modular curves over the cyclotomic extension of $\mathbf{Q}_p$, we give a purely geometric proof of the expected finiteness, control, and $Λ$-adic duality theorems. Following Ohta, we then prove that our $Λ$-adic module of differentials is canonically isomorphic to the space of ordinary $Λ$-adic cuspforms. In the sequel to this paper, we construct the crystalline counterpart to Hida's ordinary $Λ$-adic étale cohomo…
We formulate analogues of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for the $p$-adic $L$-functions of Bertolini-Darmon-Prasanna attached to elliptic curves $E/\mathbf{Q}$ at primes $p$ of good ordinary reduction. Using Iwasawa theory, we then prove under mild hypotheses one of the inequalities predicted by the rank part of our conjectures, as well as the predicted leading coefficient formula up to a $p$-adic unit. Our conjectures are very closely related to conjectures of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer type formulated by Bertolini-Darmon in 1996 for certain Heegner distributions, and as application …
Let E be a quadratic extension of a totally real number field. We construct Stickelberger elements for Hilbert modular forms of parallel weight 2 in anticyclotomic extensions of E. Extending methods developed by Dasgupta and Spieß from the multiplicative group to an arbitrary one-dimensional torus we bound the order of vanishing of these Stickelberger elements from below and, in the analytic rank zero situation, we give a description of their leading terms via automorphic L-invariants. If the field E is totally imaginary, we use the p-adic uniformization of Shimura curves to show the equality …
In this article, we generalize some works of Bertolini-Darmon and Vatsal on anticyclotomic L-functions attached to modular forms of weight two to higher weight case. We construct a class of anticyclotomic p-adic L-functions for ordinary modular forms and derive the functional equation and the interpolation formula at all critical specializations. Moreover, we prove results on the vanishing of mu-invariant of these p-adic L-functions and the non-vanishing of central L-values with anticyclotomic twists.
In 2006, Fukaya and Kato formulated a general conjecture about $p$-adic $L$-functions for a large class of motives and derived a precise conjectural interpolation formula from the ETNC. We study this conjectural $p$-adic $L$-function in the setting of Hida families and compare it to the $p$-adic $L$-function constructed by Kitagawa. A priori it is not clear whether the interpolation formulas coincide, mainly because of the rather inexplicit definition of periods (via comparison isomorphisms) that appear in the general formula. Using $p$-adic Eichler-Shimura isomorphisms and their interpolation…
A major theme in the theory of $p$-adic deformations of automorphic forms is how $p$-adic $L$-functions over eigenvarieties relate to the geometry of these eigenvarieties. In this article we prove results in this vein for the ordinary part of the eigencurve (i.e. Hida families). We address how Taylor expansions of one variable $p$-adic $L$-functions varying over families can detect "bad" geometric phenomena: crossing components of a certain intersection multiplicity and ramification over the weight space. Our methods involve proving a converse to a result of Vatsal relating congruences between…
This paper is a continuation of the author's previous work, where we studied the variation of the number of isomorphic classes of $G_{\mathbb{Q}}$-stable lattices in p-adic families of residually reducible ordinary Galois representations. In this paper, we study the number of isomorphic classes of $G_{\mathbb{Q}}$-stable free lattices in a residually reducible Hida deformation and the variation of their related two-variable algebraic $p$-adic $L$-functions. This result gives an answer of a question asked by Ochiai.
We use the "higher Hida theory" recently introduced by the second author to p-adically interpolate periods of non-holomorphic automorphic forms for GSp(4), contributing to coherent cohomology of Siegel threefolds in positive degrees. We apply this new method to construct p-adic L-functions associated to the degree 4 (spin) L-function of automorphic representations of GSp(4), and the degree 8 L-function of GSp(4) x GL(2).
Bertolini-Darmon and Mok proved a formula of the second derivative of the two-variable $p$-adic $L$-function of a modular elliptic curve over a totally real field along the Hida family in terms of the image of a global point by some $p$-adic logarithm map. The theory of $p$-adic indefinite integrals and $p$-adic multiplicative integrals on $p$-adic upper half planes plays an important role in their work. In this paper, we generalize these integrals for $p$-adic measures which are not necessarily $\mathbf{Z}$-valued, and prove a formula of the second derivative of the two-variable $p$-adic $L$-…
Iwasawa theory of modular forms over anticyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions of imaginary quadratic fields has been studied by several authors, starting from the works of Bertolini-Darmon and Iovita-Spiess, under the crucial assumption that the prime $p$ is unramified in $K$. We start in this article the systematic study of anticyclotomic $p$-adic $L$-functions when $p$ is ramified in $K$. In particular, when $f$ is a weight $2$ modular form attached to an elliptic curve $E/\mathbb{Q}$ having multiplicative reduction at $p$, and $p$ is ramified in $K$, we show an analogue of the exceptional z…
In this paper we study the exceptional zero phenomenon for Hilbert modular forms in the anticyclotomic setting. We prove a formula expressing the leading term of the p-adic L-functions via arithmetic L-invariants.
Let M be an imaginary quadratic field, f a Hecke eigenform on GL2(Q) and πthe unitary base-change to M of the automorphic representation associated to f. Take a unitary arithmetic Hecke character χof M inducing the inverse of the central character of f. The celebrated formula of Waldspurger relates the square of an integral L(f) of f and χover the idele class group of M to the central critical value L(1/2,π\otimesχ). In this paper, we present a construction of a new p-adic L-function that interpolates L(f) over arithmetic characters for a cusp form f in the spirit of the landmark result of Kat…
The purpose of this paper is to build on results in {\it{higher codimension Iwasawa theory}}. The setting of our results involves Galois representations arising as cyclotomic twist deformations associated to (i) the tensor product of two cuspidal Hida families $F$ and $G$, and (ii) the tensor product of three cuspidal Hida families $F$, $G$ and $H$. On the analytic side, we consider (i) a pair of $3$-variable Rankin-Selberg $p$-adic $L$-functions constructed by Hida and (ii) a balanced $4$-variable $p$-adic $L$-function (due to Hsieh and Yamana) and an unbalanced $4$-variable $p$-adic $L$-func…
Ming-Lun Hsieh constructed three-variable triple product p-adic L-functions attached to triples of primitive Hida families and proved interpolation formulas. We generalize his result in the unbalanced case and construct a three-variable triple product p-adic L-function attached to a primitive Hida family and two more general p-adic families of modular forms.
This article is devoted to the elliptic Stark conjecture formulated by Darmon, Lauder and Rotger [DLR], which proposes a formula for the transcendental part of a $p$-adic avatar of the leading term at $s=1$ of the Hasse-Weil-Artin $L$-series $L(E,\varrho_1\otimes \varrho_2,s)$ of an elliptic curve $E$ twisted by the tensor product $\varrho_1\otimes \varrho_2$ of two odd $2$-dimensional Artin representations, when the order of vanishing is two. The main ingredient of this formula is a $2\times 2$ $p$-adic regulator involving the $p$-adic formal group logarithm of suitable Stark points on $E$. T…
We prove a general formula for the $p$-adic heights of Heegner points on modular abelian varieties with potentially ordinary (good or semistable) reduction at the primes above $p$. The formula is in terms of the cyclotomic derivative of a Rankin-Selberg $p$-adic $L$-function, which we construct. It generalises previous work of Perrin-Riou, Howard, and the author, to the context of the work of Yuan-Zhang-Zhang on the archimedean Gross-Zagier formula and of Waldspurger on toric periods. We further construct analytic functions interpolating Heegner points in the anticyclotomic variables, and obta…
In this article, we prove an explicit Waldspurger formula for the toric Hilbert modular forms. As an application, we construct a class of anticyclotomic p-adic Rankin-Selberg L-functions for Hilbert modular forms, generalizing the construction of Bertolini, Darmon and Prasanna in the elliptic case. Moreover, building on works of Hida, we give a necessary and sufficient condition when the Iwasawa mu-invariant of this p-adic L-function vanishes and prove a result on the non-vanishing modulo $p$ of central Rankin-Selberg L-values with anticyclotomic twists.
We give a new proof of Howard's $Λ$-adic Gross-Zagier formula, which we extend to the context of indefinite Shimura curves over $\mathbf{Q}$ attached to nonsplit quaternion algebras. This formula relates the cyclotomic derivative of a two-variable $p$-adic $L$-function restricted to the anticyclotomic line to the cyclotomic $p$-adic heights of Heegner points over the anticyclotomic tower, and our proof, rather than inspired by the original approaches of Gross-Zagier and Perrin-Riou, is via Iwasawa theory, based on the connection between Heegner points, Beilinson-Flach elements, and their expli…
We show that Hida's families of $p$-adic elliptic modular forms generalize to $p$-adic families of Jacobi forms. We also construct $p$-adic versions of theta lifts from elliptic modular forms to Jacobi forms. Our results extend to Jacobi forms previous works by Hida and Stevens on the related case of half-integral weight modular forms.
When the branch character has root number -1, the corresponding anticyclotomic Katz p-adic L-function identically vanishes. In this case, we study the $μ$-invariant of the cyclotomic derivative of Katz p-adic L-function. As an application, this proves the non-vanishing of the anticyclotomic regulator of a self-dual CM modular form with the root number -1. The result also plays a crucial role in the recent work of Hsieh on the Eisenstein ideal approach to a one-sided divisibility of the CM main conjecture.
In [Pollack-Stevens 2011], efficient algorithms are given to compute with overconvergent modular symbols. These algorithms then allow for the fast computation of $p$-adic $L$-functions and have further been applied to compute rational points on elliptic curves (e.g. [Darmon-Pollack 2006, Trifković 2006]). In this paper, we generalize these algorithms to the case of families of overconvergent modular symbols. As a consequence, we can compute $p$-adic families of Hecke-eigenvalues, two-variable $p$-adic $L$-functions, $L$-invariants, as well as the shape and structure of ordinary Hida-Hecke alge…
We construct Λ-adic de Rham and crystalline analogues of Hida's ordinary Λ-adic etale cohomology, and by exploiting the geometry of integral models of modular curves over the cyclotomic extension of \Q_p, we prove appropriate finiteness and control theorems in each case. We then employ integral p-adic Hodge theory to prove Λ-adic comparison isomorphisms between our cohomologies and Hida's etale cohomology. As applications of our work, we provide a "cohomological" construction of the family of (ϕ,Γ)-modules attached to Hida's ordinary Λ-adic etale cohomology by Dee, and we give a new and purely…
The central result of this paper is a refinement of Hida's duality theorem between ordinary Lambda-adic modular forms and the universal ordinary Hecke algebra. Specifically, we give a necessary condition for this duality to be integral with respect to particular submodules of the space ordinary Lambda-adic modular forms. This refinement allows us to give a simple proof that the universal ordinary cuspidal Hecke algebra modulo Eisenstein ideal is isomorphic to the Iwasawa algebra modulo an ideal related to the Kubota-Leopoldt p-adic L-function. The motivation behind these results stems from Oht…
We study generalised Heegner cycles, originally introduced by Bertolini-Darmon-Prasanna for modular curves, in the context of Mumford curves. The main result of this paper relates generalized Heegner cycles with the two variable anticyclotomic $p$-adic $L$-function attached to a Coleman family $f_\infty$ and an imaginary quadratic field $K$. Our generalised Heegner cycles allow us to study the restriction of this function to non-central critical lines. The main result expresses the derivative along the weight variable of this anticyclotomic $p$-adic $L$-function restricted to non necessarily c…
Suppose that p > 5 is a rational prime. Starting from a well-known p-adic analytic family of ordinary elliptic cusp forms of level p due to Hida, we construct a certain p-adic analytic family of holomorphic Siegel cusp forms of arbitrary even genus and of level p associated with Hida's p-adic analytic family via the Duke-Imamoglu lifting provided by Ikeda. Moreover, we also give a similar results for the Siegel Eisenstein series of even genus with trivial Nebentypus.
Suppose that p > 5 is a rational prime. Starting from a well-known p-adic analytic family of ordinary elliptic cusp forms of level p due to Hida, we construct a certain p-adic analytic family of holomorphic Siegel cusp forms of arbitrary even genus and of level p associated with Hida's p-adic analytic family via the Duke-Imamoglu lifting which has been established by Ikeda. Moreover, we also give a similar results for the Siegel Eisenstein series of even genus with trivial Nebentypus.
We provide applications to studying the behavior of Selmer groups under specialization. We consider Selmer groups associated to four dimensional Galois representations coming from (i) the tensor product of two cuspidal Hida families $F$ and $G$, (ii) its cyclotomic deformation, (iii) the tensor product of a cusp form $f$ and the Hida family $G$, where $f$ is a classical specialization of $F$ with weight $k \geq 2$. We prove control theorems to relate (a) the Selmer group associated to the tensor product of Hida families $F$ and $G$ to the Selmer group associated to its cyclotomic deformation a…
We study the vanishing of $L(f,χ,j)$ as $f$ runs through all classical forms in a $p$-adic Hida family (including forms with arbitrarily high nebentype at $p$), $χ$ runs through all characters of $p$-power conductor, and $j$ is a critical value. We show that if infinitely many of these $L$-values vanish (apart from the ones forced to vanish by the sign of their functional equation) then this infinitude of vanishing must be exceptionally regular, so regular in fact that one can typically rule out this possibility in any given example. Indeed, we systematically verified that such regular vanishi…
Let f be a modular form of weight 2 and trivial character. Fix also an imaginary quadratic field K. We use work of Bertolini-Darmon and Vatsal to study the mu-invariant of the p-adic Selmer group of f over the anticyclotomic Zp-extension of K. In particular, we verify the mu-part of the main conjecture in this context. The proof of this result is based on an analysis of congruences of modular forms, leading to a conjectural quantitative version of level-lowering (which we verify in the case that Mazur's principle applies).
In this paper, we discuss the variation of the numbers of the isomorphic classes of stable lattices when the weight and the level varies in a Hida deformation by using the Kubota-Leopoldt $p$-adic $L$-function. As a corollary, we give a sufficient condition for the numbers of the isomorphic classes of stable lattices in Hida deformation to be infinite.
We develop a theory of $p$-adic automorphic forms on unitary groups that allows $p$-adic interpolation in families and holds for all primes $p$ that do not ramify in the reflex field $E$ of the associated unitary Shimura variety. If the ordinary locus is nonempty (a condition only met if $p$ splits completely in $E$), we recover Hida's theory of $p$-adic automorphic forms, which is defined over the ordinary locus. More generally, we work over the $μ$-ordinary locus, which is open and dense. By eliminating the splitting condition on $p$, our framework should allow many results employing Hida's …
We develop Hida theory for Shimura varieties of type A without ordinary locus. In particular we show that the dimension of the space of ordinary forms is bounded independently of the weight and that there is a module of $Λ$-adic cuspidal ordinary forms which is of finite type over $Λ$, where $Λ$ is a twisted Iwasawa algebra.
The rank one Gross conjecture for Deligne-Ribet $p$-adic $L$-functions was solved in works of Darmon-Dasgupta-Pollack and Ventullo by the Eisenstein congruence among Hilbert modular forms. The purpose of this paper is to prove an analogue of the Gross conjecture for the Katz $p$-adic $L$-functions attached to imaginary quadratic fields via the congruences between CM forms and non-CM forms. The new ingredient is to apply the $p$-adic Rankin-Selberg method to construct a non-CM Hida family which is congruent to a Hida family of CM forms at the $1+\varepsilon$ specialization.
We compute the p-adic Abel-Jacobi map of the product of a Hilbert modular surface and a modular curve at a null-homologous (modified) embedding of the modular curve in this product, evaluated on differentials associated to a Hilbert cuspidal form f of weight (2,2) and a cuspidal form of weight 2. We generalize this computation to suitable null-homological cycles in the fibre products of the universal families on the surface and the curve, evaluated at differentials associated to f and g of higher weights. We express the values of the p-adic Abel-Jacobi map at these weights in terms of a p-adic…
