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arXiv 2204.09428math.AP
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三维可压缩Navier-斯托克斯方程平面粘性激波的非线性稳定性

Nonlinear stability of planar viscous shock wave to three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations

Teng Wang, Yi Wang

摘要:

本文证明了三维可压缩Navier-斯托克斯方程在一般扰动下,特别是在无零质量条件下,平面粘性激波的非线性稳定性。此外,时间相关的移位函数保持激波轮廓形状的时间渐近。我们的稳定性结果是无条件的弱平面Navier-Stokes激波。我们的证明是基于文献[10,11,13]中对一维粘性激波稳定性问题引入的带时移的$a$ -压缩方法(一种加权的$L^2$ -相对熵方法)。本文在原有的$H^2$ -微扰框架下对平面Navier-Stokes激波的稳定性进行了分析,而不是采用经典的反导数方法,因此不需要零质量条件,这又给粘性激波的可压缩性带来了本质上的困难。此外,与一维情况相比,波沿多维横向的传播及其与粘性激波的相互作用带来了额外的困难。为了克服这些困难,我们充分利用了多维形式的尖权Poincar ${\rm \acute{e}}$不等式(见引理3.1)、含时位移的$a$ -压缩技巧以及多维Navier-Stokes系统的一些基本物理结构.

英文摘要:

We prove the nonlinear stability of the planar viscous shock up to a time-dependent shift for the three-dimensional (3D) compressible Navier-Stokes equations under the generic perturbations, in particular, without zero mass conditions. Moreover, the time-dependent shift function keeps the shock profile shape time-asymptotically. Our stability result is unconditional for the weak planar Navier-Stokes shock. Our proof is motivated by the $a$-contraction method (a kind of weighted $L^2$-relative entropy method) with time-dependent shift introduced in [10,11,13] for the stability of viscous shock in one-dimensional (1D) case. Instead of the classical anti-derivative techniques, we perform the stability analysis of planar Navier-Stokes shock in original $H^2$-perturbation framework and therefore zero mass conditions are not necessarily needed, which, in turn, brings out the essential difficulties due to the compressibility of viscous shock. Furthermore, compared with 1D case, there are additional difficulties coming from the wave propagation along the multi-dimensional transverse directions and their interactions with the viscous shock. To overcome these difficulties, a multi-dimensional version sharp weighted Poincar${\rm \acute{e}}$ inequality (see Lemma 3.1), $a$-contraction techniques with time-dependent shift, and some essential physical structures of the multi-dimensional Navier-Stokes system are fully used.

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