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arXiv 2204.04519gr-qc
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弱场极限下Kiselev黑洞时空中零信号和类时信号的偏转和引力透镜

Deflection and Gravitational lensing of null and timelike signals in the Kiselev black hole spacetime in the weak field limit

Haotian Liu, Jinning Liang, Junji Jia

摘要:

本文研究了Kiselev时空中零信号和类时信号在弱场极限下的偏转和引力透镜效应,考察了状态方程参数$ω$和物质量参数$α$的影响.在这样做时,我们扩展了以前开发的渐近平坦时空的度量函数的情况下,可能会或可能不会是渐近平坦的,但与非整数幂展开的整数幂渐近展开的微扰方法。发现在渐近平坦情形($-1/3<ω<0$)下,偏转角可表示为无量纲量$M/b,~b/r_{s,d}$和$α/M^{1+3ω}$的准幂级数,其中$M,~b,~r_{s,d}$分别为透镜质量、碰撞参数和源/探测器半径.对于($-1<ω<-1/3$)的非渐近平坦情形,也存在类似的级数,但用最接近的半径$r_0$代替$b$。在渐近平坦(或非平坦)的情况下,$α$的增大或$ω$的减小将增大(或增大)偏转角。由于所得到的偏转角自然地考虑了源和探测器的有限距离效应,因此我们可以建立精确的引力透镜方程,从该方程可以求解图像的视角及其放大率。研究发现,一般对于渐近平坦的情况,增加$α$或减少$ω$将增加图像的视角。而对于非渐近平坦的情况,增加$α$或$ω$都将导致更小的视在角。

英文摘要:

In this work we study the deflection and gravitational lensing of null and timelike signals in the Kiselev spacetime in the weak field limit, to investigate the effects of the equation of state parameter $ω$ and the matter amount parameter $α$. In doing this, we extend a perturbative method previously developed for asymptotically flat spacetimes whose metric functions have integer-power asymptotic expansions to the case that may or may not be asymptotically flat but with non-integer power expansions. It is found that in the asymptotically flat case ($-1/3<ω<0$) the deflection angles are expressable as quasi-power series of the dimensionless quantities $M/b,~b/r_{s,d}$ and $α/M^{1+3ω}$ where $M,~b,~r_{s,d}$ are respectively the lens mass, impact parameter and source/detector radius. A similar series exists for the non-asymptotically flat case of ($-1<ω<-1/3$), but with the closest radius $r_0$ replacing $b$. In the asymptotically flat (or non-flat) case, the increase of $α$ or decrease of $ω$ will increase (or increase) the deflection angle. Since the obtained deflection angles naturally take into account the finite distance effect of the source and the detector, we can establish an exact gravitational lensing equation, from which the apparent angles of the images and their magnifications are solved. It is found that generally for the asymptotically flat case, increasing $α$ or decreasing $ω$ will increase the apparent angles of the images. While for the non-asymptotically flat case, increasing $α$ or $ω$ will both lead to smaller apparent angles.

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