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arXiv 2203.15218astro-ph.GAastro-ph.IM
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3C273主星系中扩展毫米辐射的探测及其通过高动态范围ALMA成像对QSO反馈的意义

Detection of extended millimeter emission in the host galaxy of 3C273 and its implications for QSO feedback via high dynamic range ALMA imaging

Shinya Komugi, Yoshiki Toba, Yoshiki Matsuoka, Toshiki Saito, Takuji Yamashita

摘要:

我们估计的负反馈能量注入到ISM的宿主星系3C273,一个典型的射电大声类星体。我们获得了93,233和343 GHz的连续图像与阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米阵列(ALMA)。经过自校准和点源相减,图像动态范围分别为93 GHz的$\sim 85000$、233 GHz的$\sim 39000$和343 GHz的$\sim 2500$。这是目前使用ALMA获得的最高图像动态范围。我们探测到与宿主星系相关的空间扩展毫米辐射,与光学中观察到的扩展发射线区域(EELR)共空间。毫米光谱能量分布和厘米数据的比较表明,扩展的发射不能用尘埃热发射,同步辐射或热韧致辐射产生的大质量恒星形成。我们解释为热韧致辐射从气体直接电离的中心源的扩展毫米辐射。扩展的通量表明,至少$\sim 7\%$的辐射热通量的核源被用来在宿主星系的氢原子。电离气体的质量估计为$10^{10}$到$10^{11}\ \mathrm{M_\odot}$,但相对于恒星质量的分子气体分数与其他椭圆星系一致,这表明类星体的直接电离ISM可能不足以抑制恒星的形成,或者我们正在见证一个很短的时间尺度之前,负反馈变得可观察。EELRs射电对应体的发现为研究类星体与寄主ISM的相互作用提供了新的途径。

英文摘要:

We estimate the amount of negative feedback energy injected into the ISM of the host galaxy of 3C273, a prototypical radio loud quasar. We obtained 93, 233 and 343 GHz continuum images with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-millimeter Array (ALMA). After self calibration and point source subtraction, we reach an image dynamic range of $\sim 85000$ at 93\ GHz, $\sim 39000$ at 233\ GHz and $\sim 2500$ at 343\ GHz. These are currently the highest image dynamic range obtained using ALMA. We detect spatially extended millimeter emission associated with the host galaxy, cospatial with the Extended Emission Line Region (EELR) observed in the optical. The millimeter spectral energy distribution and comparison with centimeter data show that the extended emission cannot be explained by dust thermal emission, synchrotron or thermal bremsstrahlung arising from massive star formation. We interpret the extended millimeter emission as thermal bremsstrahlung from gas directly ionized by the central source. The extended flux indicates that at least $\sim 7\%$ of the bolometric flux of the nuclear source was used to ionize atomic hydrogen in the host galaxy. The ionized gas is estimated to be as massive as $10^{10}$ to $10^{11}\ \mathrm{M_\odot}$, but the molecular gas fraction with respect to the stellar mass is consistent with other ellipticals, suggesting that direct ionization ISM by the QSO may not be sufficient to suppress star formation, or we are witnessing a short timescale before negative feedback becomes observable. The discovery of a radio counterpart to EELRs provides a new pathway to studying the QSO-host ISM interaction.

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