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arXiv 2203.11501cond-mat.stat-mechquant-ph
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统一的动力学测不准关系

Unified thermodynamic-kinetic uncertainty relation

Van Tuan Vo, Tan Van Vu, Yoshihiko Hasegawa

摘要:

了解电流波动具有根本的重要性,并为实际应用的发展铺平了道路。根据热力学和动力学的不确定性关系,流的精度可以仅由总熵产生或动力学活动来约束。在这项研究中,我们推导出一个更严格的约束的精确度的电流在热力学和动力学的数量,表明这些数量共同约束电流的波动。热力学和动力学的不确定性关系成为我们的结果在渐近极限的特殊情况。有趣的是,统一的动力学不确定性关系导致了更严格的经典速度限制,细化了系统状态转换的时间约束。所提出的框架可以扩展到适用于状态观测量和单向转换系统,从而提供了一个约束的精度上的首次通过时间。

英文摘要:

Understanding current fluctuations is of fundamental importance and paves the way for the development of practical applications. According to the thermodynamic and kinetic uncertainty relations, the precision of currents can be constrained solely by total entropy production or dynamical activity. In this study, we derive a tighter bound on the precision of currents in terms of both thermodynamic and kinetic quantities, demonstrating that these quantities jointly constrain current fluctuations. The thermodynamic and kinetic uncertainty relations become particular cases of our result in asymptotic limits. Intriguingly, the unified thermodynamic-kinetic uncertainty relation leads to a tighter classical speed limit, refining the time constraint on the system's state transformation. The proposed framework can be extended to apply to state observables and systems with unidirectional transitions, thereby providing a constraint on the precision of the first-passage time.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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