arXiv 2203.091502022-03-17astro-ph.GA

作为高质量恒星形成区特殊物理条件示踪剂的$J_1-J_0$ A $^{-+}$谱线系列中的甲醇发射

The methanol emission in the $J_1-J_0$ A$^{-+}$ line series as a tracer of specific physical conditions in high-mass star-forming regions

Svetlana V. Salii, Igor I. Zinchenko, Sheng-Yuan Liu, Andrej M. Sobolev, Artis Aberfelds, Yu-Nung Su

备注：: 16 pages, 12 figures
DOI：: 10.1093/mnras/stac739

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摘要：

本文报道了最近偶然探测到的S255 IR-SMA 1中349~GHz的$14_1 - 14_0$ A $^{-+}$谱线吸积爆发后的脉泽辐射所激发的甲醇$J_1 - J_0$ A $^{-+}$谱线系列性质的研究结果。研究工作包括用SMA对S255 IR谱线的进一步观测、用IRAM-30 m望远镜对6.7~GHz甲醇脉泽亮源样品进行0.8mm范围内甲醇谱线的小型测量和理论模拟。我们发现，S255 IR中的$14_1 - 14_0$ A $^{-+}$线的脉泽成分与2016年相比衰减了一个数量级以上。在SMA观测中，除了$7_1 - 7_0$ A $^{-+}$线之外，在这一系列的其他谱线中没有观察到脉泽发射的明显迹象，在该谱线中，在$14_1 - 14_0$ A $^{-+}$线中较早观察到的脉泽发射速度处检测到了额外的明亮分量。我们的LVG模型约束的物理参数的范围内，所观察到的发射强度相匹配。在对6.7~GHz甲醇脉泽源的小型巡天中，虽然NGC 7538中的一个组分可能代表弱脉泽，但在$J_1 - J_0$ A $^{-+}$谱线上没有发现明显的脉泽发射。一般来说，$J_1 - J_0$ A $^{-+}$谱线中的脉泽效应可以作为相当热的环境，特别是高质量恒星形成过程中光度耀斑事件的示踪剂。

英文摘要：

We present results of the investigations of the properties of the methanol $J_1 - J_0$ A$^{-+}$ line series motivated by the recent serendipitous detection of the maser emission in the $14_1 - 14_0$ A$^{-+}$ line at 349~GHz in S255IR-SMA1 soon after the accretion burst. The study includes further observations of several lines of this series in S255IR with the SMA, a mini-survey of methanol lines in the 0.8 mm range toward a sample of bright 6.7~GHz methanol maser sources with the IRAM-30m telescope, and theoretical modeling. We found that the maser component of the $14_1 - 14_0$ A$^{-+}$ line in S255IR decayed by more than order of magnitude in comparison with that in 2016. No clear sign of maser emission is observed in other lines of this series in the SMA observations except the $7_1 - 7_0$ A$^{-+}$ line where an additional bright component is detected at the velocity of the maser emission observed earlier in the $14_1 - 14_0$ A$^{-+}$ line. Our LVG model constrains the ranges of the physical parameters that matches the observed emission intensities. No obvious maser emission in the $J_1 - J_0$ A$^{-+}$ lines was detected in the mini-survey of the 6.7~GHz methanol maser sources, though one component in NGC7538 may represent a weak maser. In general, the maser effect in the $J_1 - J_0$ A$^{-+}$ lines may serve as a tracer of rather hot environments and in particular luminosity flaring events during high mass star formation.

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