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arXiv 2203.08641cond-mat.str-el
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Holstein模型中的声子重整化和Pomeranchuk不稳定性

Phonon renormalization and Pomeranchuk instability in the Holstein model

Niklas Cichutek, Max Hansen, Peter Kopietz

摘要:

具有无色散爱因斯坦声子的Holstein模型是描述凝聚态物质中电子-声子相互作用的最简单模型之一。一个天真的外推微扰理论的功率相关的无量纲的电子-声子耦合$λ_0$表明,在零温度下的模型表现出Pomeranchuk不稳定性的特点是发散的统一的压缩性在一个临界值$λ_0$的顺序。在这项工作中,我们重新审视这个问题,使用现代功能重整化群(RG)方法。对于尺寸$d > 3$,我们发现RG流的Holstein模型确实表现出一个三临界不动点与Pomeranchuk不稳定性。这个非高斯不动点是紫外稳定的,并且与六维以上的$ϕ^3$理论的众所周知的紫外稳定不动点密切相关。为了在固定密度下实现Holstein模型中的Pomeranchuk临界点,必须对电子-声子耦合$λ_0$和绝热比$ω_0 / ε_F$进行微调,以假定阶数单位的临界值,其中$ω_0$是声子频率,$ε_F$是费米能量。另一方面,对于维数$d \leq 3$,我们发现RG流的Holstein模型没有任何临界不动点。这排除了与$d \leq 3$中的Pomeranchuk不稳定性相关的量子临界点。

英文摘要:

The Holstein model with dispersionless Einstein phonons is one of the simplest models describing electron-phonon interactions in condensed matter. A naive extrapolation of perturbation theory in powers of the relevant dimensionless electron-phonon coupling $λ_0$ suggests that at zero temperature the model exhibits a Pomeranchuk instability characterized by a divergent uniform compressibility at a critical value of $λ_0$ of order unity. In this work, we re-examine this problem using modern functional renormalization group (RG) methods. For dimensions $d > 3$ we find that the RG flow of the Holstein model indeed exhibits a tricritical fixed point associated with a Pomeranchuk instability. This non-Gaussian fixed point is ultraviolet stable and is closely related to the well-known ultraviolet stable fixed point of $ϕ^3$-theory above six dimensions. To realize the Pomeranchuk critical point in the Holstein model at fixed density both the electron-phonon coupling $λ_0$ and the adiabatic ratio $ω_0 / ε_F$ have to be fine-tuned to assume critical values of order unity, where $ω_0$ is the phonon frequency and $ε_F$ is the Fermi energy. On the other hand, for dimensions $d \leq 3$ we find that the RG flow of the Holstein model does not have any critical fixed points. This rules out a quantum critical point associated with a Pomeranchuk instability in $d \leq 3$.

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