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arXiv 2203.02007astro-ph.HE
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三个Seyfert星系:NGC 3227,NGC 5548和MR 2251 $-$ 178的PDKEEPAAA光谱分析

NuSTAR spectral analysis of three Seyfert galaxies: NGC 3227, NGC 5548 and MR 2251$-$178

Indrani Pal, C. S. Stalin, L. Mallick, Priyanka Rani

摘要:

在射电宁静的活动星系核(AGN)中观测到的核X射线发射被认为是来自一个紧凑的区域,即位于中心超大质量黑洞(SMBH)附近的日冕。在其他因素中,X射线连续谱的形状取决于日冕的温度($\rm{kT_{e}}$)。核光谱望远镜阵列(NuSTAR)的发射导致了许多活动星系核中高能截止($\rm{E_{cut}}$ ;从而$\rm{kT_{e}}$)的确定。在少数来源中,NuSTAR的多次观测也揭示了$\rm{E_{cut}}$的变化。在这项工作中,我们的目的是调查的变化$\rm{kT_{e}}$在三个活动星系核,即NGC 3227,NGC 5548和MR 2251 $-$ 178使用一个以上的时间数据源从NuSTAR。我们对使用NuSTAR在三个来源上获得的多个时期的数据进行了光谱分析,其中包括一些迄今为止尚未发表的新观测。通过拟合康普顿化模型的数据,我们确定了日冕的温度,也调查了$\rm{kT_{e}}$的变化,如果有的话,在这些来源。在NGC 3227中,我们发现了$\rm{kT_{e}}$变异的证据。我们发现$\rm{kT_{e}}$、光子指数($Γ$)、反射率($R$)和光学厚度($τ$)与通量之间没有相关性,而$τ$与$\rm{kT_{e}}$之间存在反相关性。这可能是由于源中有多个物理过程在工作,导致$\rm{kT_{e}}$发生变化。在MR 2251 $-$ 178和NGC 5548中未发现$\rm{kT_{e}}$变异的结论性证据。

英文摘要:

The observed nuclear X-ray emission in the radio-quiet category of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is believed to be from a compact region, the corona situated in the vicinity of the central supermassive black holes (SMBH). The shape of the X-ray continuum, among other factors, depends on the temperature of the corona ($\rm{kT_{e}}$). The launch of the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) has led to the determination of the high energy cut-off ($\rm{E_{cut}}$; and thereby $\rm{kT_{e}}$) in many AGN. In a handful of sources, multiple observations with NuSTAR have also revealed changes in $\rm{E_{cut}}$. In this work we aimed to investigate the variation in $\rm{kT_{e}}$ in three AGN, namely NGC 3227, NGC 5548 and MR 2251$-$178 using more than one epoch of data on a source from NuSTAR. We carried out spectral analysis of multiple epochs of data acquired using NuSTAR on the three sources including a few new observations not published so far. By fitting Comptonization model to the data we determined the temperature of the corona and also investigated changes in $\rm{kT_{e}}$ if any in these sources. In NGC 3227, we found evidence for variation in $\rm{kT_{e}}$. We found no correlation of $\rm{kT_{e}}$, photon index ($Γ$), reflection fraction ($R$) and optical depth ($τ$) with flux, while, $τ$ is found to anti-correlate with $\rm{kT_{e}}$. These could be due to more than one physical process at work in the source that causes the change in $\rm{kT_{e}}$. Conclusive evidence for the variation in $\rm{kT_{e}}$ is not found in MR 2251$-$178 and NGC 5548.

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