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arXiv 2203.01787quant-phgr-qc
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用物质波干涉术检验引力自相互作用

Testing Gravitational Self-interaction via Matter-Wave Interferometry

Sourav Kesharee Sahoo, Ashutosh Dash, Radhika Vathsan, Tabish Qureshi

备注：
8 pages, 6 figures, throughly revised and expanded
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. A 106, 012215 (2022)
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摘要：

薛定谔-牛顿方程经常被研究为薛定谔方程的非线性修正，包括引力自相互作用。然而，目前还没有证据表明大自然是否真的以这种方式行事。这项工作探讨了一种可能的方法来实验测试引力自相互作用。通过数值求解粒子通过双缝时的薛定谔-牛顿方程，研究了自引力对大质量粒子干涉的影响。结果表明，引力自相互作用的存在对干涉条纹宽度有影响，干涉条纹宽度可以在物质波干涉实验中得到检验。值得注意的是，这种方法可以区分引力自相互作用和环境引起的退相干，因为后者不影响条纹宽度。这一结果也将提供一种方法来测试引力是否需要在普通量子力学的尺度上量子化。

英文摘要：

The Schrodinger-Newton equation has frequently been studied as a nonlinear modification of the Schrodinger equation incorporating gravitational self-interaction. However, there is no evidence yet as to whether nature actually behaves this way. This work investigates a possible way to experimentally test gravitational self-interaction. The effect of self-gravity on interference of massive particles is studied by numerically solving the Schrodinger-Newton equation for a particle passing through a double-slit. The results show that the presence of gravitational self-interaction has an effect on the fringe width of the interference that can be tested in matter-wave interferometry experiments. Notably, this approach can distinguish between gravitational self-interaction and environment induced decoherence, as the latter does not affect the fringe width. This result will also provide a way to test if gravity requires to be quantized on the scale of ordinary quantum mechanics.

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