arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2202.13374astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EPastro-ph.GA
收藏

用ALMA揭示的前恒星核心的中心1000天文单位。II。几乎完全冻结

The Central 1000 au of a Pre-stellar Core Revealed with ALMA. II. Almost Complete Freeze-out

Paola Caselli, Jaime E. Pineda, Olli Sipilä, Bo Zhao, Elena Redaelli, Silvia Spezzano, Maria José Maureira, Felipe Alves, Luca Bizzocchi, Tyler L. Bourke, Ana C… 展开作者

Paola Caselli, Jaime E. Pineda, Olli Sipilä, Bo Zhao, Elena Redaelli, Silvia Spezzano, Maria José Maureira, Felipe Alves, Luca Bizzocchi, Tyler L. Bourke, Ana Chacón-Tanarro, Rachel Friesen, Daniele Galli, Jorma Harju, Izaskun Jiménez-Serra, Eric Keto, Zhi-Yun Li, Marco Padovani, Anika Schmiedeke, Mario Tafalla, Charlotte Vastel

摘要:

星前核代表了恒星和行星形成过程中的初始条件。它们的低温($<$ 10 K)允许形成厚厚的冰质尘埃地幔,这些地幔将在未来的原行星盘中部分保存下来,最终影响行星系统的化学组成。先前的观测表明,含碳和含氧物质,特别是CO,由于有效的分子冻结在冷尘埃颗粒的表面上,在星前核心中严重耗尽。然而,含N物质如NH $_3$,特别是其氘代同位素体,似乎在CO分子主要处于固相的情况下保持高丰度。由于ALMA,我们在这里提出的第一个明确的观测证据NH $_2$ D冻结出对L1544前星核,暗示存在一个“完全耗尽区”内的$\simeq$ 1800 AU半径,与天体化学前星核模型预测。我们的国家的最先进的化学模型加上非LTE辐射转移代码表明,NH $_2$ D成为主要纳入在中央2000 AU的冰冷地幔,并开始冻结已经在$\simeq$ 7000 AU。星前核内的辐射转移效应导致NH $_2$ D(1 $_{11}$-1 $_{01}$)发射出现中心集中,在中心$\simeq$ 3000 au内具有平坦的分布,而不像1.3 mm尘埃连续发射在中心$\simeq$ 1800 au内显示出清晰的峰值。这阻止了NH $_2$ D冻结在以前的观测中被检测到,在那里中央1000 au不能被空间分辨。

英文摘要:

Pre-stellar cores represent the initial conditions in the process of star and planet formation. Their low temperatures ($<$10 K) allow the formation of thick icy dust mantles, which will be partially preserved in the future protoplanetary disks, ultimately affecting the chemical composition of planetary systems. Previous observations have shown that carbon- and oxygen-bearing species, in particular CO, are heavily depleted in pre-stellar cores due to the efficient molecular freeze-out onto the surface of cold dust grains. However, N-bearing species such as NH$_3$ and, in particular, its deuterated isotopologues, appear to maintain high abundances where CO molecules are mainly in solid phase. Thanks to ALMA, we present here the first clear observational evidence of NH$_2$D freeze-out toward the L1544 pre-stellar core, suggestive of the presence of a"complete-depletion zone" within a $\simeq$1800 au radius, in agreement with astrochemical pre-stellar core model predictions. Our state-of-the-art chemical model coupled with a non-LTE radiative transfer code demonstrates that NH$_2$D becomes mainly incorporated in icy mantles in the central 2000 au and starts freezing-out already at $\simeq$7000 au. Radiative transfer effects within the pre-stellar core cause the NH$_2$D(1$_{11}$-1$_{01}$) emission to appear centrally concentrated, with a flattened distribution within the central $\simeq$3000 au, unlike the 1.3 mm dust continuum emission which shows a clear peak within the central $\simeq$1800 au. This prevented NH$_2$D freeze-out to be detected in previous observations, where the central 1000 au cannot be spatially resolved.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑