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arXiv 2202.11656cond-mat.supr-conastro-ph.IMphysics.ins-det
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Al和Ti超导行波参量放大器的非线性机制

Nonlinear mechanisms in Al and Ti superconducting travelling-wave parametric amplifiers

Songyuan Zhao, Stafford Withington, Chris N. Thomas

摘要:

行波参量放大器(TWPA)工作背后的非线性机制在决定其性能(附加噪声、最大增益和带宽)方面非常重要。我们描述了一种方法,其耗散反应比和响应时间的基本微观过程中的超导材料的基本非线性的特征。我们描述和计算的不同行为所产生的平衡超导非线性,它具有低耗散和快速的响应时间,和非平衡加热非线性,它具有高耗散和缓慢的响应时间。我们已经制作了基于Al和Ti的TWPA,并使用我们的分析,其特征在于它们的非线性。对于Al和Ti,测得的耗散反应比和响应时间是定量相似的非平衡加热非线性的预测。我们能够获得超过20 dB的峰值功率增益,尽管仅在几千赫兹的窄带宽上。我们的方法表征潜在的非线性也可能是有用的理解和设计的其他超导非线性器件,如参量上变频器,动态电感傅里叶变换光谱仪,谐振器参量放大器。

英文摘要:

The underlying nonlinear mechanisms behind the operation of travelling-wave parametric amplifiers (TWPAs) are important in determining their performance in terms of added noise, maximum gain, and bandwidth. We describe a method of characterising the underlying nonlinearity of a superconducting material in terms of its dissipative-reactive ratio and the response time of the underlying microscopic processes. We describe and calculate the different behaviour arising from the equilibrium supercurrent nonlinearity, which has low dissipation and fast response time, and the non-equilibrium heating nonlinearity, which has high dissipation and slow response time. We have fabricated TWPAs based on Al and Ti, and characterised their nonlinearities using our analysis. For both Al and Ti, the measured dissipative-reactive ratios and response times are quantitatively similar to predictions for the non-equilibrium heating nonlinearity. We were able to obtain more than 20 dB of peak power gain, although only over a narrow bandwidth of a few kilohertz. Our method of characterising the underlying nonlinearities could also be useful in the understanding and design of other superconducting nonlinear devices such as parametric up-converters, kinetic inductance Fourier transform spectrometers, and resonator parametric amplifiers.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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