张量相互作用对$^{44}$ Ti中团簇结构的拯救作用
Role of Tensor Interaction as Salvation of Cluster Structure in $^{44}$Ti
摘要：
工作背景：已知$^{44}$ Ti核具有$^{40}$ Ca+ $α$团簇结构，并且已经观察到反转二重态结构;然而，当由于自旋-轨道相互作用而允许$α$团簇的断裂时，$α$团簇结构趋于被冲洗掉。然而，中重核中的$α$成团现象是近年来的一个研究热点。目的：张量相互作用在$^4$ He核的强束缚中起着重要的作用，它诱导了两粒子两空穴（2 p2 h）激发。由于当另一个核接近时，这种激发被阻断，因此值得证明张量效应是否起作用以保持$^4$ He和$^{40}$ Ca之间的距离，并成为$^{44}$ Ti中的聚集的拯救。方法：采用反对称准团簇模型（AQCM），在团簇模型中考虑自旋轨道效应。我们还开发了一个改进版本的简化方法，包括张量的贡献（$i$ SMT），这使我们能够估计张量效应的集群模型。首次在中重质量区研究了这两者的竞争。结果如下：根据AQCM理论，当$α$团簇接近$^{40}$ Ca核时，自旋轨道相互作用使$α$团簇完全破碎，恢复了$jj$ -耦合壳模型的对称性.另一方面，由于张量效应，$i$ SMT在$α$和$^{40}$ Ca之间给出大的距离。结论：在$^{44}$ Ti中，由于强的自旋轨道和张量贡献，两种完全不同的组态（$jj$ -耦合壳模型和团簇态）几乎简并，它们的混合变得重要。
英文摘要：
Background: The $^{44}$Ti nucleus has been known to have a $^{40}$Ca+$α$ cluster structure, and inversion doublet structure has been observed; however, $α$ cluster structure tends to be washed out when the breaking of the $α$ cluster is allowed due to the spin-orbit interaction. Nevertheless, $α$ clustering in medium-heavy nuclei is quite a hot subject recently. Purpose: The tensor interaction has been known to play an essential role in the strong binding of the $^4$He nucleus, which induces the two-particle-two-hole (2p2h) excitation. Since this excitation is blocked when another nucleus approaches, it is worthwhile to show whether the tensor effect works to keep the distance between $^4$He and $^{40}$Ca and becomes the salvation of the clustering in $^{44}$Ti. Methods: The spin-orbit effect is included in the cluster model by using the antisymmetrized quasi cluster model (AQCM) developed by the authors. We have also developed an improved version of the simplified method to include the tensor contribution ($i$SMT), which allows us to estimate the tensor effect within the cluster model. The competition of these two is investigated in the medium-heavy mass region for the first time. Results: According to AQCM, the spin-orbit interaction completely breaks the $α$ cluster and restores the symmetry of $jj$-coupling shell model when the $α$ cluster approaches the $^{40}$Ca core. On the other hand, $i$SMT gives a large distance between $α$ and $^{40}$Ca due to the tensor effect. Conclusions: In $^{44}$Ti, because of the strong spin-orbit and tensor contributions, two completely different configurations ($jj$-coupling shell model and cluster states) almost degenerate, and their mixing becomes important.
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