arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2202.09407cs.CRcs.CY
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区块链驱动的流行病中隐私保护接触追踪框架

Blockchain Driven Privacy Preserving Contact Tracing Framework in Pandemics

Xiao Li, Weili Wu, Tiantian Chen

摘要:

接触者追踪已被证明是控制COVID-19大流行等流行病中病毒传播的有效方法。作为一种新兴的强大的去中心化技术,区块链已被探索用于确保联系人跟踪过程中的数据隐私和安全性。然而,现有的工作大多是高层次的设计,没有充分的论证,并将区块链视为辅助第三方中心服务器的独立存储系统,忽视了共识机制和激励机制的重要性和能力。在本文中,我们提出了一个轻量级和完全免费的第三方区块链驱动的联系人跟踪框架(BDCT)来弥合这一差距。在BDCT框架下,提出了基于RSA加密的交易验证方法(RSA-TVM)来保证联系人追踪的正确性,即使每个人有60%的概率无法验证联系人信息,该方法也能达到96%以上的联系人案例记录准确率。提出了声誉校正的委托权益证明(RC-DPoS)共识机制和激励机制,可以确保报告联系人案例的及时性,并保持区块链的去中心化。建立了一个新的接触追踪仿真环境,该环境考虑了三种基于人口密度的不同接触场景。仿真结果验证了RSA-TVM和RC-DPoS在BDCT中的有效性、鲁棒性和抗攻击性。

英文摘要:

Contact tracing has been proven an effective approach to control the virus spread in pandemics like COVID-19 pandemic. As an emerging powerful decentralized technique, blockchain has been explored to ensure data privacy and security in contact tracing processes. However, existing works are mostly high-level designs with no sufficient demonstration and treat blockchain as separate storage system assisting third-party central servers, ignoring the importance and capability of consensus mechanism and incentive mechanism. In this paper, we propose a light-weight and fully third-party free Blockchain-Driven Contact Tracing framework (BDCT) to bridge the gap. In the BDCT framework, RSA encryption based transaction verification method (RSA-TVM) is proposed to ensure contact tracing correctness, which can achieve more than 96\% contact cases recording accuracy even each person has 60\% probability of failing to verify the contact information. Reputation Corrected Delegated Proof of Stake (RC-DPoS) consensus mechanism is proposed together with the incentive mechanism, which can ensure timeliness of reporting contact cases and keep blockchain decentralized. A novel contact tracing simulation environment is created, which considers three different contact scenarios based on population density. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness and attack resistance of RSA-TVM and RC-DPoS in the proposed BDCT.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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