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arXiv 2202.09335astro-ph.SRastro-ph.GA
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快速发展的AGB明星V Hya:ALMA找到了一个具有高速流出的多环马戏团

The Rapidly Evolving AGB Star, V Hya: ALMA finds a Multi-Ring Circus with High-Velocity Outflows

R. Sahai, P-S. Huang, S. Scibelli, M. R. Morris, K. Hinkle, C-F. Lee

摘要:

我们用阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米波阵列(ALMA)以前所未有的角分辨率~0”.4-0”.6观测到了质量损失的碳星V Hya,它显然正在从AGB星过渡到双极行星状星云。我们的13 CO和12 CO(J=3-2和J=2-1)图像导致发现了一组显着的六个膨胀环,这些膨胀环位于系统赤道平面上的一个张开的,扭曲的动力膨胀盘结构(DUDE)中。我们还发现,第一次,几个双极,高速流出,其中一些具有抛物线形态,这意味着宽的开角,而一个(以前发现)是cluerous和高度准直。后者可能与V Hya的高速子弹状电离气体喷射有关;在12 CO图像中可以看到4颗子弹中最古老的一颗的可能分子对应物。我们发现了一个明亮的、无法分辨的中心连续辐射源(半高宽尺寸<~165 au);大约40%的这种辐射可以在标准的射电光球中产生,而剩下的60%可能是由于质量>~10^{-5} Msun的非常大(mm尺寸)的颗粒的热辐射。我们已经使用了一个辐射转移模型来拟合DUDE的13 CO和12 CO排放的显著特征,半径为8”(3200 au),质量为1.7 x 10^{-3} Msun的耀斑盘,其膨胀速度随着半径的增加而迅速增加,在大约200 au的中心区域内,然后在其外部缓慢增加,从9.5到11.5公里/秒。DUDE的潜在密度呈放射状下降,并穿插着局部的增加,这代表了观测上特征良好的最里面的三个环。

英文摘要:

We have observed the mass-losing carbon star V Hya that is apparently transitioning from an AGB star to a bipolar planetary nebula, at an unprecedented angular resolution of ~0".4-0".6 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Wave Array (ALMA). Our 13CO and 12CO (J=3-2 and J=2-1) images have led to the discovery of a remarkable set of six expanding rings within a flared, warped Disk structure Undergoing Dynamical Expansion (DUDE) that lies in the system's equatorial plane. We also find, for the first time, several bipolar, high-velocity outflows, some of which have parabolic morphologies, implying wide opening angles, while one (found previously) is clumpy and highly collimated. The latter is likely associated with the high-velocity bullet-like ejections of ionized gas from V Hya; a possible molecular counterpart to the oldest of the 4 bullets can be seen in the 12CO images. We find a bright, unresolved central source of continuum emission (FWHM size <~165 au); about 40% of this emission can be produced in a standard radio photosphere, while the remaining 60% is likely due to thermal emission from very large (mm-sized) grains, having mass >~10^{-5} Msun. We have used a radiative transfer model to fit the salient characteristics of the DUDE's 13CO and 12CO emission out to a radius of 8" (3200 au) with a flared disk of mass 1.7 x 10^{-3} Msun, whose expansion velocity increases increases very rapidly with radius inside a central region of size ~200 au, and then more slowly outside it, from 9.5 to 11.5 km/s. The DUDE's underlying density decreases radially, interspersed with local increases that represent the observationally well-characterised innermost three rings.

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