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arXiv 2202.08593astro-ph.GA
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巨型早型星系的LOFAR观点:来自活动核的射电辐射和恒星形成

The LOFAR view of giant, early-type galaxies: radio emission from active nuclei and star formation

A. Capetti, M. Brienza, B. Balmaverde, R. D. P. N. Best, R. D. Baldi, A. Drabent, G. Gurkan, H. J. A. Rottgering, C. Tasse, B. Webster

摘要:

本文利用150 MHz低频阵射线(LOFAR)观测资料,研究了近宇宙中最亮的早型星系(ETG)(MK<-25,后退速度< 7,500 km/s)射电辐射的性质和起源。LOFAR图像可用于这些巨型ETG(gETG)中的188个,其中146个(78%)被检测到高于~ 10 E21 W/Hz的典型光度。它们显示出很大的功率分布,高达~ 10 E26 W/Hz。我们证实了恒星的光度gETGs和他们的中位数无线电功率,检测率和扩展源的分数之间的正相关。大约三分之二(91)的探测到的gETG是未解决的,大小<4千秒差距,证实了紧凑的无线电源在本地源的流行。46个gETG在4至340 kpc的尺度上显示出扩展发射,其中至少80%具有FRI类形态。根据扩展源的形态和光谱指数,其中约30%可能是残余或重新启动的源,但需要进一步的研究来证实这一点。光谱学(可用于44个gETG)表明,其中7个的核气体被年轻恒星电离,这表明它们的射电辐射来自恒星形成区。它们的射电光度对应的恒星形成率(SFR)范围为0.1-8 Msun/yr,比SFR中位数为0.8x10E-12 yr-1。流向gETG中心的气体可以吸积到超大质量黑洞上,但也会在更大的半径处停滞并形成新的恒星,这表明反馈并不能完全抑制恒星的形成。最明亮的gETG(25个MK < -25.8的星系)都是在150 MHz下被探测到的,但它们目前并不都是开启的:其中至少有四个是残余源,至少有一个可能是由恒星形成提供动力的。

英文摘要:

We study the properties and the origin of the radio emission in the most luminous early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the nearby Universe (MK<-25, recession velocity < 7,500 km/s) as seen by the 150 MHz Low-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) observations. LOFAR images are available for 188 of these giant ETGs (gETGs) and 146 (78%) of them are detected above a typical luminosity of ~10E21 W/Hz. They show a large spread in power, reaching up to ~10E26 W/Hz. We confirm a positive link between the stellar luminosity of gETGs and their median radio power, the detection rate, and the fraction of extended sources. About two-thirds (91) of the detected gETGs are unresolved, with sizes <4 kpc, confirming the prevalence of compact radio sources in local sources. Forty-six gETGs show extended emission on scales ranging from 4 to 340 kpc, at least 80% of which have a FRI class morphology. Based on the morphology and spectral index of the extended sources, ~30% of them might be remnant or restarted sources but further studies are needed to confirm this. Optical spectroscopy (available for 44 gETGs) indicates that for seven of them the nuclear gas is ionized by young stars suggesting a contribution to their radio emission from star forming regions. Their radio luminosities correspond to a star formation rate (SFR) in the range 0.1-8 Msun/yr and a median specific SFR of 0.8x10E-12 yr-1. The gas flowing toward the center of gETGs can accrete onto the supermassive black hole but also stall at larger radii and form new stars, an indication that feedback does not completely quench star formation. The most luminous gETGs (25 galaxies with MK < -25.8) are all detected at 150 MHz however they are not all currently turned on: at least four of them are remnant sources and at least one is likely powered by star formation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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